Electrically biased two electrode, electrochemical gas sensor wi

Details Electrically biased two electrode, electrochemical gas sensor wi Electrically biased two electrode, electrochemical gas sensor wi

1975-12-04

1977-05-24

Kaplan, G. L.

Chemistry: electrical and wave energy

Processes and products

Vacuum arc discharge coating

G01N 2752

Patent

active

040254127

ABSTRACT:
The instant invention relates to an electrochemical sensor for detecting gases or vapors such as carbon monoxide, alcohol NOX etc. The gas sensor includes either a solid polymer ion-exchange-membrane electrolyte or a liquid electrolyte adsorbed in a suitable matrix, a catalytic sensor electrode and a combination counter/reference electrode.
A biasing voltage is applied between the electrodes. The biasing voltage is made equal to or larger than the oxidation/reduction potential of a platinum/air electrode and is also greater than the reversible oxidation/reduction potential of the gas or vapor to be detected. As a result, the gas or vapor to be detected is rapidly oxidized at the sensor electrode to produce a current proportional to the mass of the gas present in the incoming stream, while at the same time, making the device insensitive to air. The counter/reference electrode is of a novel construction to provide optimum reversible hydrogen evolution and a hydrogen buffering or storage arrangement to maintain the reference electrode potential substantially constant at 0.0 volts. The electrode is fabricated of a noble metal alloy. Associated with the electrode is a perforated foil such as palladium which has a high solubility for hydrogen. The molecular hydrogen produced at the counter/reference electrode is absorbed in the palladium. An invariant hydrogen atmosphere is thus maintained at the counter/reference electrode so that the reference electrode voltage is kept substantially at zero volts.

REFERENCES:
patent: 3149921 (1964-09-01), Warner
patent: 3776832 (1973-12-01), Oswin et al.
patent: 3824166 (1974-07-01), Deibert
patent: 3835013 (1974-09-01), Grubb et al.

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