Electric resistance heating devices – Heating devices – Continuous flow type fluid heater
Patent
1998-06-26
1999-12-07
Walberg, Teresa
Electric resistance heating devices
Heating devices
Continuous flow type fluid heater
219535, 219536, A61F 700, A61M 544
Patent
active
05999701&
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to an electrical quick-thawing apparatus for quickly thawing frozen liquids, for example injection or infusion solutions, comprising a transmission plate and a clamping and heating device for receiving a container containing the frozen liquid, especially a syringe or ampule, which clamping and heating device includes an electrical heating unit with at least one heating surface and at least one temperature sensor measuring the temperature at the outer wall of the container. Also included is an electrical control device with a temperature governor whereby the temperature sensor with its output terminal is connected to the temperature governor and with a control circuit which is connected with an outlet terminal to a switching device for controlling the heating unit and controls it depending on signals of the temperature sensor connected to the input terminal of the control circuit and the signals of a set point adjuster.
In clinical practice it is common to administer pharmaceutical products which are supplied by the pharmaceutical industry in standard concentrations and standard volumes and are diluted with carrier solutions to a patient-specific concentration for administration. Since these individually prepared preparations are often used in long-term therapies, the patient-specific active mixture is produced in a respectively large total volume. The individual portions that are to be administered in each session therefore must be filled into syringes or other containers and subsequently frozen.
Only in this manner is it possible to preserve the generally thermally instable active substances over the required time period.
One problem of this accepted and widely used conventional preservation method is that the individual samples require a relatively long thawing time. This is very cumbersome especially when the exact point of time of administration of the ampule volume cannot be exactly predetermined. Even though for the individual patient a time schedule for administering the substance volume is available conventional to first take a blood sample of the patient in order to determine according to the analysis results whether and when the next substance volume is to be administered. This approach thus often results in schedule changes and also in the loss of the already thawed active substance.
In order to avoid this time and cost problem, there is the urgent need to provide a quick-thawing apparatus and a method which allows to thaw the active substance volume quickly.
The prior art discloses microwave thawing devices for frozen liquids which are heated by microwaves of frequencies between 2,425 and 2,475 GHZ. However, these devices have the disadvantage that certain areas of the frozen liquid, due to focusing of the radiation, are overheated so that a uniform heating of the frozen liquid does not take place. The heating of the frozen liquid only in certain areas can result in damage to the ingredients or active substances of the liquid so that chemical modification of the ingredients or the active substances must be assumed. It is apparent that the thawing of infusion solutions or injection solutions in syringes or ampules with conventional microwave thawing devices must be avoided because a chemical modification of the medication as well as denaturation of vaccinations, proteins or serum within the infusion or injection solutions cannot be reliably prevented.
Furthermore, it should be noted that because of the damage of the medically active ingredients of the injection and infusion solutions their medical and therapeutic activity decreases with increasing thawing time. Furthermore, it has been shown that the resulting decrease of medical activity requires a higher dosage and thus a higher concentration of the medically active ingredients in the infusion and injection solutions so that more material must be used, thereby increasing substance use and costs.
Furthermore, the health-detrimental effect of the prior art methods for quickly thawing, such as me
REFERENCES:
patent: 3657517 (1972-04-01), Hoyt
patent: 4030499 (1977-06-01), Bucalo
patent: 4106622 (1978-08-01), Windischman
patent: 4731058 (1988-03-01), Doan
patent: 5786572 (1998-07-01), Tonazzi
patent: 5786573 (1998-07-01), Fabrikant et al.
Campbell Thor S.
Walberg Teresa
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