Electricity: conductors and insulators – Conduits – cables or conductors – Insulated
Patent
1991-05-08
1992-10-27
Nimmo, Morris H.
Electricity: conductors and insulators
Conduits, cables or conductors
Insulated
174 23R, 174131A, H01B 728
Patent
active
051591570
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention concerns an electric line with insulation, and with a multiwire conductor or lead of metal that is shaped into a strand or cable and with a fibrous element that has tensile strength arranged centrally in the lead.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Electric lines of the type described above are already known. For example, German Patent 2,519,687 A1 describes a process for producing a line with strands for electric power line connections, etc., whereby a thin fiber of spun glass silk is used as a central strand when wrapping the cable of individual wires. With such lines the stranded lines consist of about thirty to sixty individual lines twisted together. The centrally inserted glass fiber especially increases the tensile strength of the cable without resulting in any significant increase in the cross-sectional area because it is embedded into the cavity (wedge) between the individual wires in the process of cabling or stranding.
Such a central glass fiber can be removed very easily when processing on cutting machines and leads to disturbance in the work sequence. In addition, embedding between numerous individual lines is not permanent if the finished line is bent frequently during use. Then the enclosed glass fiber can easily escape from the stranded cable and break.
This invention concerns the problem of creating an electric line than can withstand an extreme tensile stress even while having a small cross-section and that will be easy to produce and easy to process. In addition, if desired, it should be designed so it is resistant to longitudinal penetration of water in a simple and permanent manner.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention creates an electric line that can be designed so it is extremely small and yet can withstand extreme tensile stresses. It can be produced economically, can be processed further with no problem and can be designed so it has flexural stability and is sealed with respect to longitudinal seepage of water.
According to this invention the fibrous element consists of a bundle of carbon fiber elements (carbon fibers). When the bundle is divided into at least eight hundred single filaments or even one thousand to twelve thousand monofilaments depending on the design, where each filament has a maximum diameter of 0.007 millimeters, the carbon fibers can be optimally distributed in the internal wedges and can fill out all the cavities. The highest tensile force is achieved when the bundle has a twist. To improve processability of the bundle, the carbon fiber filaments may be shaped into a yarn with a twist of up to sixty d/m (turns per meter). For the same purpose, the bundle may also be provided with sizing, e.g., a polymer-based sizing or adhesive, to hold the individual filaments together by gluing, especially at the points of contact or line of contacts with each other. Such a sizing can be applied by the manufacturer of the bundle. In the simplest design, the conductor or lead is composed of a ring-shaped layer of at least six individual wires, that surround the bundle with a radial pressure, so the internal wedge is completely filled up by the individual filaments of the bundle.
Additional wires or other line elements can also be applied over the layer of individual wires. With increased demands of the line, the bundle can be filled with a liquid, paste or powdered material. Such a filling material greatly reduces the friction occurring between the individual filaments, so it has a positive effect on the flexibility of the line and on the stability of the filaments under bending stresses. Filling compounds that also cause a longitudinal sealing of the line can also be used in that they form a barrier to liquid by swelling, foaming or by some other reaction on exposure to water or any other liquid. Such fillers are available based on vaseline, petrojelly, silicones, cellulose and other materials. A process for producing a line according to this invention provides for at least one layer of wires to be stranded or cabled around a central
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Kabelwerke Reinshagen GmbH
Nimmo Morris H.
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