Stock material or miscellaneous articles – Coated or structually defined flake – particle – cell – strand,... – Rod – strand – filament or fiber
Patent
1997-12-19
1999-03-09
Edwards, Newton
Stock material or miscellaneous articles
Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand,...
Rod, strand, filament or fiber
528 76, D02G 300, C08G 1830
Patent
active
058797998
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a polyurethane elastic fiber having a high elongation at break, tensile strength with a low modulus, a lower hysteresis loss, excellent characteristics at low temperature, excellent resistance to abrasion and heat resistance characteristics. This invention, further, provides a process for obtaining such polyurethane elastic fibers under stable producing conditions.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Polyurethane elastic fibers are widely used for making various articles in which a stretching performance is needed, such as swimwear, foundation garments, stockings, sportswear, and the like.
In recent years, the use range of polyurethane elastic fibers have been diversified, and a further improvement in polyurethane elastic fibers is needed in characteristics such as elongation, hysteresis loss modulus, or the like, characteristics at a low temperature, and abrasion resistance.
In case where a polyurethane elastic fiber is used in swimwear, foundation garments, stockings, sportswear, and the like, one improvement required is to reduce a differential stress due to strain at deformation in order to minimize the variation in stress, either at the moment when the wearer puts on (or takes off) an elastic garment or at the moment when the garment is elongated to the maximum, whereby putting on (or taking off) of garment can be done smoothly and bending of the body can be done with a reduced constricting feel to the wearer's body. Still another improvement required is to reduce hysteresis loss of stress in stretching so that a good fit to the body can be maintained even after stretching and recovery are repeated.
Still another improvement required is, contrary to the conventionally accepted use of the characteristic high modulus polyurethane fiber by which the smooth body line has been adjusted, to make a fiber exhibit a low modulus so that a garment therefrom can exhibit a more soft fitting to the body characteristic.
Still further improvements required are: to provide a polyurethane elastic fiber capable of providing garments such as winter sports garments which can be put on (or takes off) smoothly even in a very low atmospheric temperature; to provide a polyurethane elastic fiber capable of providing a garment with a reduced constriction to the wearer's body; and further to provide a polyurethane elastic fiber having an enhanced resistance to abrasion which is created by the frictional contact with various bodies or the folded yarn during the wearing of the garment.
In the specification of U.S. Pat. No. 4,658,065, there is a disclosure of a process for producing a copolymerized polyalkyleneether diol in which a polyurethane film using the copolymerized diol is mentioned as an example of an application of the diol. However, it has been found that the copolymerized component of the copolymerized polyalkyleneether diol in this known technology does not sufficiently effect improvements in characteristics pertaining to elastic fiber, especially in elastic properties such as elongation, modulus and hysteresis loss, and the like and similar properties at a low temperature.
In Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) Nos. 1 (1989)-284518 and 2 (1990)-49002, there are described elastic fibers composed of polyurethanes in which copolymerized polyether diols are used as raw material components. The specifications of those patent publications, however, do not mention any polymeric composition design in which a urea portion (urea segment) can significantly improve an elastic fiber in abrasion and heat resistances when the number average molecular weight of urethane portion (urethane segment) is in a region exceeding 6000.
In Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 2 (1990)-19511, there is disclosed an elastic fiber of polyurethane which is prepared by combining a copolymerized alkyleneether diol having a specific molecular structure and a specific molecular weight in a specific combination with mixed diamines as linking agent. However, there is no disclosure pert
REFERENCES:
patent: 4658065 (1987-04-01), Aoshima et al.
patent: 4960849 (1990-10-01), Okabe et al.
patent: 5000899 (1991-03-01), Dreibelbis et al.
patent: 5061426 (1991-10-01), Frauendorf et al.
patent: 5061777 (1991-10-01), Yoda et al.
Kitamura Kazuyuki
Yosizato Akihiko
Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
Edwards Newton
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