Stock material or miscellaneous articles – Coated or structually defined flake – particle – cell – strand,... – Rod – strand – filament or fiber
Patent
1996-09-12
1998-12-29
Edwards, Newton
Stock material or miscellaneous articles
Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand,...
Rod, strand, filament or fiber
428395, 525437, 528176, 528193, 528271, D07G 300, C08F 2000, C08G 6300, C08G 6302
Patent
active
058538780
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an elastic fiber of polyester elastomer, more specifically to an elastic fiber comprising polyester elastomer and featuring excellent elastic recovery, and to its manufacturing method.
PRIOR ART
It has been known that polyester copolymer, comprising polyester including polyethylene terephthalate as a hard segment and poly(alkyleneoxide) glycol including polytetramethylene glycol as a soft segment, has rubber elasticity, and elastic fiber comprising said elastomer can be obtained.
Polyurethane fiber is known as having superb elastic properties. Said polyurethane fiber features excellent elastic recovery when subjected to substantial deformation, and is extensively used to produce clothing in the field of sports and others including the bathing suit. The elastic properties of this fiber is remarkable; generally, a residual elongation is about 100 percent after stretched 400 percent. Some of the most excellent products are said to have the residual elongation of 50 percent or even less.
However, polyurethane fiber has problems in weatherability and chemical resistance (chlorine based solvent). Poor heat-setting property during processing is also a problem.
Polyester elastomer is generally thermoplastic and provides excellent industrial productivity allowing melt-spinning. However, compared with the polyurethane fiber used conventionally, it is inferior in elastic recovery, especially in recovery when subjected to much deformation (when stretched 400 percent) though it is superior in chemical resistance; therefore, it fails to provide a satisfactory alternative to polyurethane.
As a means of solving the problems of polyester elastomer, it has been proposed to enhance the elastic properties by improving the crystallinity of the hard segment.
Official Gazette of Japanese Patent Laid-open NO. 4-370219 discloses the polyester elastomer-which comprises naphthalene dicarboxylic acid residue or biphenyl dicarboxylic acid residue as acid component of the hard segment, and 1,3-propane diol residue as diol component of the hard segment. However, this elastomer fails to improve elastic property very much in the event of excessive stretching.
Official Gazette of Japanese Patent Publication NO. 47-45198 discloses the polyester elastomer which comprises aromatic dicarboxylic acid residue and aliphatic dicarboxylic acid residue as acid component of the hard segment, and p-benzenediethanol residue as diol component of the hard segment. However, elastic fiber comprising this polyester elastomer failed to show much improvement of recovery from increased stretching. Furthermore, tensile strength is as low as 0.4 g/de or less; this is not practical when it is used as elastic fiber for clothing and other general applications.
Official Gazette of Japanese Patent Laid-open NO. 59-45349 and Official Gazette of Japanese Patent Laid-open NO. 59-45350 disclose the composition comprising the polyester elastomer mixed with the crystal nucleating agent. However, elastic recovery is still insufficient when said polymer composition with increased degree of crystallinity is utilized as an elastomer.
It has also been disclosed to solve said problems by processing technique.
Official Gazette of Japanese Patent Laid-open NO. 57-77317 discloses a process of drawing a elastic fiber comprising a polyester elastomer having polybutyleneterephthalate component as a hard segment, thereby improving elastic properties through relaxing treatment. However, this process is still difficult to ensure recovery from 400 percent stretching.
Official Gazette of Japanese Patent publication NO. 47-14054 discloses a process of improving the strength and recovery from stretching by shrinkage without stretching under heat wherein the elastic fiber comprising a polymer having polyethylene terephthalate component as a hard segment and having poly(alkyleneoxide) glycol component as a soft segment is drawn to 4 times (drawn at the draw ratio of 4) or more. It also contains description of recovery from 300 percent
REFERENCES:
patent: 3865869 (1975-02-01), Kuehn et al.
patent: 3993629 (1976-11-01), Hasunuma et al.
Ishiwata Toyoaki
Sadanobu Jiro
Edwards Newton
Teijin Limited
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