Wave transmission lines and networks – Plural channel systems – Nonreciprocal gyromagnetic type
Reexamination Certificate
1999-01-19
2001-09-18
Bettendorf, Justin P. (Department: 2817)
Wave transmission lines and networks
Plural channel systems
Nonreciprocal gyromagnetic type
Reexamination Certificate
active
06292068
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an E-plane waveguide circulator having a high-reducing branching region, in which a ferrite body extending through a magnetic field is arranged.
Such E-plane waveguide circulators are disclosed for example in “Microwaves and HF Magazine” Volume 16, No. 2, 1990, pages 168-173. Three waveguide arms of one or two ferrite discs are inserted in the branching region. The thickness of the ferrite disc or discs corresponds only to a fraction of a total height of the branching region. Moreover, the height of the branching region is reduced by insertion of a metal disc on its upper and lower side. The advantage of the E-plane circulator when compared with the H-plane circulator is that at high frequencies an extremely low throughgoing damping is provided. Moreover, the E-plane circulators are of a relative small band (band width of no more than 1%). Moreover, the E-plane circulators which are realized nowadays require large magnets for producing the required magnetization of the ferrite material. At high frequencies, the height of the ferrite discs acts critically on the microwave behavior of the circulator. When an adjustment of the circulator is dispensed with, then for the height of the ferrite discs a tolerance of less than 0.01 MM must be maintained.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an E-plane waveguide circulator which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art.
In keeping with these objects and with others which will become apparent hereinafter, one feature of present invention resides, briefly stated in a E-plane waveguide circulator in which the ferrite body is formed as a bar which extends over the entire height of the branching region.
When the E-plane waveguide circulator is designed in accordance with the present invention it avoids the disadvantages of prior art. With such a bar-shaped ferrite body, a field distribution is provided in the branching region, which field distribution does not allow a flow of a wall current in a symmetrical plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the ferrite bar extending separating plane. Thereby the circulator can be assembled from two shells, and the manufacture of the circulator is substantially facilitated. In addition it is possible to place one or several permanent magnets directly on the end sides of the ferrite bar. No waveguide wall is located between the magnets and the ferrite material, so that for the required magnetization of the ferrite material smaller magnets are needed.
In accordance with another feature of the present invention, one or several webs can extend into the branching region of the circulator to increase the dimensioning of the band width of the circulator.
The circulator can be assembled of two shells, with one shell provided with a depression for receiving one end of the ferrite bar. An opening is provided in the other shell at the side which is opposite to the depression, so that the ferrite bar can be inserted from outside into the branching region. The depression corresponds, with a narrow tolerance, to the cross-section of the ferrite bar and the opening has a space with respect to the cross-section of the ferrite bar.
Fixation of the ferrite bar in the opening is performed by an elastic ring placed around the ferrite bar. This arrangement of the ferrite bar together with the magnets at the end sides of the ferrite bar, provides for a possibility of a temperature expansion of different materials in the longitudinal direction of the ferrite bar and facilitates the mounting of the finished circulator, since the ferrite bar with the magnets can be inserted in a simple manner from outside into the branching region and fixed there.
The novel features which are considered as characteristic for the present invention are set forth in particular in the appended claims. The invention itself, however, both as to its construction and its method of operation, together with additional objects and advantages thereof, will be best understood from the following description of specific embodiments when read in connection with the accompanying drawings.
REFERENCES:
patent: 3136962 (1964-06-01), Bowness
patent: 3492601 (1970-01-01), Omori
patent: 4633199 (1986-12-01), Stevens et al.
patent: 944645 (1963-12-01), None
patent: 2 201 044 (1988-08-01), None
“Microwaves and HF Magazine” vol. 16, No. 2. 1990, pp. 168-173.
J. Helszajn: “Common Waveguide Circulator Configurations”, Electronic Engineering., BD. 46, NR. 559, Sep. 1974, pp. 66-69, XP002099527, pp. 66, 69.
Bettendorf Justin P.
Robert & Bosch GmbH
Striker Michael J.
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