Compositions – Frost-preventing – ice-thawing – thermostatic – thermophoric,...
Reexamination Certificate
2000-08-10
2003-07-08
Kopec, Mark (Department: 1751)
Compositions
Frost-preventing, ice-thawing, thermostatic, thermophoric,...
C252S088100, C252S384000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06589442
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a dust control composition. More particularly, the present invention is directed to an environmentally friendly dust control composition which is applied to road surfaces.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Dust clouds cause poor visibility and dangerous driving conditions creating a safety hazard for drivers. Dust clouds also ultimately slow down production rates around mining complexes, industrial and construction sites. In addition, dust clouds cause allergies related to the respiratory tract resulting in animal and human health problems in communities. In order to minimize such eventualities, liquid compositions have been developed for controlling or settling dust on surfaces such as roadways. Such compositions have comprised agents such as motor oil, various ligno-sulfonates, waste petroleum oil, magnesium or calcium salt compositions and water.
U.S. Pat. No. 2,399,464 discloses a dust preventative composition comprising petroleum distillate, naphthenic acid, a sodium salt of a sulfonated higher alcohol, water and a germicide.
U.S. Pat. No. 2,399,465 discloses a dust preventative composition comprising a petroleum distillate oil, oleic acid and a metal naphthenate.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,417,992 discloses a dust control composition comprising a liquid dispersion of a highly branched water swellable polymer of acrylamide or an acrylamide-acrylic acid copolymer, cross-linked with a multifunctional unsaturated monomer containing more than one ethylenically unsaturated group.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,362,568 discloses an essentially petroleum distillate-free prime coat emulsion comprising asphalt cement, tall oil, tall oil fractions or mixtures thereof, a base and water.
EP Patent 0 270 199 discloses a composition for controlling dust migration comprising an emulsion of liquid asphalt, a ligno-sulfonic acid salt solution and water.
Russian Patent 1054399 discloses a road surface composition comprising tall pitch as an organic binder and tall oil to provide a dust control agent.
While these compositions provide varying degrees of dust control, they are not either generally effective since they are either easily washed away by rain due to lack of penetration or they contain polluting contaminants that leach into surface and ground water causing serious human health and environmental concerns.
There is therefore a need to develop an improved and effective dust control composition that is environmentally friendly as an alternative to prevalent market products and which effectively fosters a sustainable dust abatement practice.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with an aspect of the present invention there is provided a dust control composition which is completely organic, non-corrosive, nonflammable, non-toxic, ecologically safe, readily dilutable with water, safe to use, easy to apply to a desired surface and environmentally responsible. Preferably, the composition is applied to unpaved gravel road surfaces.
The composition according to an aspect of the present invention provides a dust-free, compact gravel surface which may resist erosion, weathering, spring breaks and frost heaves depending on the gravel composition. Furthermore, the dust control composition of the present invention is cost effective to make and use compared to current road dust abatement methods. The composition is easily sprayed onto desired surfaces and requires minimal re-application requirements under desirable weather conditions. The water-soluble formula may be designed to penetrate into surfaces to bind with surface materials to create a dust-free durable surface safe to motorists. The composition suppresses dust so it is unable to be picked up and be carried away by wind and water thereby preventing soil erosion and damage to field crops. The use of the composition also reduces airborne dust that carries disease causing pollutants that are transported to distant communities.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a stable dust control composition comprises:
a mixture of crude tall oil and vegetable oil emulsified in water.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a stable dust control composition comprises:
an oil mixture anywhere from about 5% to 95% crude tall oil and anywhere from about 5% to 95% vegetable oil, said oil mixture being emulsified in a range of ratios of from about 40:60 to about 25:75 oil mixture to water with up to about 4% to 6% by weight of the oil mixture of a base.
The composition can be further diluted with water as desired.
According to a further aspect of the present invention, a method for making a stable dust control composition comprises;
providing a mixture of anywhere from about 5% to 95% crude tall oil and anywhere from about 5% to 95% vegetable oil;
emulsifying said mixture in a range of ratios of from about 40:60 to about 25:75 with water using up to about 4% to 6% base by weight of the oil mixture to provide a stable emulsion.
The method may additionally comprise the step of further diluting the stable emulsion.
According to yet a further aspect of the present invention, a method for creating a dust-free, compact surface, comprises the steps of;
applying a mixture of anywhere from about 5% to 95% crude tall oil and anywhere from about 5% to 95% vegetable oil, emulsified in a range of ratios of from about 40:60 to about 25:75 oil mixture to water with up to about 4% to 6% by weight of the oil mixture of base to a desired surface; and upon field application,
allowing the mixture to cure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention provides an effective and environmentally friendly dust control composition that can be applied onto a variety of soil or gravel surfaces to control dust as well as to compact and stabilize the top or base surface. The composition is a water-dilutable formula that binds with surface materials to create a dust-free surface that resists particulate emission from traffic and does not erode after curing. The formulation may be designed to provide most preferably a dust free compact surface.
The composition is designed to stabilize dust particles and create a longer-lasting dust free environment and thus reduces the number of reapplications. Annual maintenance applications of the composition to a surface actually improves the road surface. As such, use of the composition is cost-effective as it reduces the use of equipment and labor normally required to maintain a conventional dust control program through sustainability.
The dust control composition of the present invention comprises a blend of crude tall oil with a vegetable oil which is then emulsified in water using a base. Emulsification is most preferably carried out by saponifying, in part, the oil mixture to provide an emulsion of oil in water. It is appreciated that other techniques for emulsifying the oil in water are contemplated such as the use of a non-toxic surfactant. It has been surprisingly found that the vegetable oil enhances the penetration of the composition into the road surface. The resultant product is a concentrated emulsion that can be applied in concentrated or in a range of dilutions. The blend of crude tall oil with a vegetable oil is preferably at a ratio of about 80:20 tall oil to vegetable oil. Although it is appreciated that the ratio may favor lower or higher amounts of vegetable oil as determined by the application. The determining factors may vary greatly for the relative amounts of tall oil to vegetable oil. For the higher concentrations of tall oil, the amount of vegetable oil needed to ensure penetration of the tall oil into the particulate matter, for example, as applied to a road surface. On the other hand, there may be applications where one does not want the surface to harden up, so that considerably higher amounts of vegetable oil are used. For example, the higher levels of vegetable oil may be applied to gravel piles, sand piles, slag piles and the like to keep windblown dust to a minimum. In addition, applications of the composition which may involve areas where animals are grazing, the hi
Baker Roy
Martez Vita
Wilson Walter
Hamlin Derrick G.
Kopec Mark
Q-X Enviro Products Ltd.
Summa & Allan P.A.
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