Communications: radio wave antennas – Antennas – Wave guide type
Reexamination Certificate
1999-03-10
2001-04-03
Wong, Don (Department: 2821)
Communications: radio wave antennas
Antennas
Wave guide type
C343S776000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06211837
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to antennas. More specifically, the present invention relates to high power radio frequency antennas.
2. Description of the Related Art
For certain applications, there is a need for a high power radio frequency (RF) antenna capable of radiating large amounts (e.g. 3 gigawatts) of RF power with long pulse durations on the order of one microsecond. Unfortunately, conventional RF antennas are not typically capable of operating effectively at such high power levels. This is due to the fact that at high power levels, the electric field at the output of the antenna is generally so high as to cause the air to break down and ionize. The ionized air conducts and limits the performance of the antenna. Further, the high power sources that could be used with such antennas are typically sensitive to reflections.
In addition, to the extent that conventional antennas have been used for high power applications, the antennas have been driven with short pulses on the order of 100 nanoseconds, for which the air-break down limit is considerably higher than for one microsecond pulses.
Hence, there is a need in the art for a high power RF antenna capable of radiating large amounts of power with long pulses and minimal reflection.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The need in the art is addressed by the high power radio frequency antenna of the present invention. The inventive antenna comprises a conical horn for receiving an electromagnetic input signal and radiating an output signal in response thereto. An inner window is disposed within the conical horn. An outer window is mounted at the aperture of the conical horn in alignment with the inner window. In the illustrative implementation, the inventive antenna is a TM
01
mode antenna with a gradual taper from an input waveguide to the aperture over a cone angle of 45 degrees. The outer window is mounted at the aperture in concentric alignment with the inner window. For an optimal compact design, the inner and outer windows are of polycarbonate construction.
REFERENCES:
patent: 5039993 (1991-08-01), Dragone
patent: 5166698 (1992-11-01), Ashbaugh et al.
patent: 5952984 (1999-09-01), Kuramoto et al.
Crouch David D.
Dolash William E.
Clinger James
Collins David W.
Lenzen, Jr. Glenn H.
Raytheon Company
Wong Don
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