Dual polarization electromagnetic switch and modulator

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Details

350 9613, 350150, 350355, G02B 514

Patent

active

041578600

ABSTRACT:
Integrated optics directional coupler modulator/switches are improved by the disclosed configurations for switching optical modes of both polarizations at once. In one configuration a pair of parallel optical waveguides are provided having material presenting first and second wavenumbers .beta. for the TE and TM modes. Two independently tunable control signals are applied to an electrode assembly arranged so that each wavenumber is substantially tunable relative to the other thereby permitting substantially complete switching of both of the modes. In an exemplary embodiment, the material is lithium niobate or lithium tantalate with its c-axis perpendicular to the waveguides and oriented between 15 and 75 degrees, suitably at 45 degrees, to the substrate plane. Pairs and triplets of electrodes are used as appropriate to provide vertical and horizontal electric field components so as to independently tune the waveguide wavenumbers and coupling. The principles are applicable to electromagnetic apparatus in general and a variety of physical fields are alternatively used as appropriate for achieving the dual polarization control.

REFERENCES:
patent: 3874782 (1975-04-01), Schmidt
patent: 4012113 (1977-03-01), Kogelnik et al.
patent: 4035058 (1977-07-01), Papuchon
patent: 4054362 (1977-10-01), Baues
Kaminow et al., "Electrooptic Light Modulators," Proc. of the IEEE, vol. 4, No. 10, Oct. 1966, p. 1375ff.
Steinberg et al., "Polarization-Insensitive Integrated-Optical Switches . . . ", Applied Optics, vol. 16, No. 8, Aug. 1977, pp. 2166-2170.
Steinberg et al., "Performance Limitations Imposed on Optical . . . ", Applied Optics, vol. 15, No. 10, Oct. 1976, pp. 2440-2453.

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