Internal-combustion engines – Adjustable combustion chamber – Piston in head adjusted
Patent
1989-01-05
1990-09-18
Okonsky, David A.
Internal-combustion engines
Adjustable combustion chamber
Piston in head adjusted
123 78E, 123177AB, F02B 7532
Patent
active
049570692
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention concerns a driving or working engine, in particular an internal combustion engine, having at least one cylinder and a piston which moves axially in the latter and is connected to the crankshaft by an upper section of the connecting rod and a lower section of the connecting rod connected to the said upper section by a hinge. The two sections of the connecting rod are supported on an adjustable axle integral with the engine housing by a common hinged pivoting level which is connected to the housing. An internal combustion engine has been described U.S. Pat. No. 4,437,438 in which the piston and the crankshaft are connected to each other by two connecting rod sections that are joined in an articulated manner. In addtion, this internal combustion engine makes use of a pivoting lever connected to a common hinge of the two connecting rod sections, which is supported at its other end by an adjustable cam. In this internal combustion engine, the kinematics of the two connecting rod sections with the pivoting lever already result in an extended duration of the piston at its top dead center and thus in an improved torque characteristic.
In is the objective of the invention to permit increased performance and adaptation to different fuels in internal combustion engines of the type mentioned above.
According to the invention this objective is achieved as follows: At the end facing away from the piston, the upper section of the connecting rod has an axial extension beyond the common hinge of the two connecting rod sections, and the end of the pivoting lever which faces the connecting rod sections is connected to the extension in an articulated manner. It is advantageous to give the supporting axle for the pivoting lever in the engine housing an eccentric shape and to make it adjustable radially, or radially and axially.
In this manner, the common hinge of the two connecting rod sections and the hinge of the upper section of the connecting rod with the pivoting lever are situated on two separate paths of movement, which results in a reduced piston acceleration while piston displacement remains the same, and in the increased torque due to the formation of longer lever arms. The kinematics of the connection rod sections and the pivoting lever which have thus been achieved permit shifting the respectively most effective torque to the most effective postions of the crankshaft, which leads to a shortened ignition process, lower fuel consumption and thus to a smooth combustion process accompanied by quiet running of the internal combustion engine. Moreover, this is accompanied by a reduction in lateral piston pressure, reduced engine heat and reduced wear. It will be understood that the design of connecting rod sections and pivoting lever according to the invention can be appled equally well to gasoline and diesel engines, or to any other driving or working engine operating with a piston, such as compressors or pumps.
A particular advantageous design of the driving and working engine can be achieved when the length of the lower section of the connecting rod is approximately 1.3 times the length of the upper section of the connecting rod, the combined length of the two connection rod sections is approximately 3% greater than the distance between the connecting rod bearing of the upper section of the connecting rod at the piston and the circle described by the connecting rod bearing of the lower section of the connecting rod at the crankshaft with the piston at top dead center, and the pivoting lever has a length of approximately 1.2 times the length of the upper section of the connecting rod, the radial distance of the hinge point of the pivoting lever from the cylinder axis is approximately 1.0 times the length of the upper section of the connecting rod, and the base point of the projection of the hinge point on the cylinder axis has a distance from the crankshaft axis of approximately one-third of the distance of the connecting rod bearing of the upper section of the connecting rod at the piston from the cranks
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patent: 4437438 (1984-03-01), Mederer
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