Communications: electrical – Land vehicle alarms or indicators – Internal alarm or indicator responsive to a condition of the...
Patent
1989-12-22
1991-05-28
Miller, Stanley D.
Communications: electrical
Land vehicle alarms or indicators
Internal alarm or indicator responsive to a condition of the...
350333, 340784, 340805, G02F 1137, G09G 336
Patent
active
050188410
ABSTRACT:
An optical modulation device includes scanning electrodes and signal electrodes disposed opposite to and intersecting with the signal electrodes, and an optical modulation material disposed between the electrodes, a pixel being formed at each intersection of the electrodes and showing a contrast depending on the polarity of a voltage applied thereto. The device is driven by a method including, in a writing period for writing in all or prescribed pixels among the pixels on a selected scanning electrode, a first phase for applying a voltage of one polarity having an amplitude exceeding a first threshold voltage of the optical modulation material to the all or prescribed pixels, and a second phase for applying a voltage of the other polarity having an amplitude exceeding a second threshold voltage of the optical modulation material to a selected pixel and applying a voltage not exceeding the threshold voltages of the optical modulation material to the other pixels, respectively among the all or prescribed pixels. The maximum duration of a continually applied voltage of the same polarity applied to a pixel on a scanning electrode is 2.5 times the duration of the first phase in the writing period.
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Inaba Yutaka
Kanbe Junichiro
Kaneko Shuzo
Mouri Akihiro
Toyono Tsutomu
Canon Kabushiki Kaisha
Duong Tai V.
Miller Stanley D.
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