Material or article handling – Vertically swinging load support – Shovel or fork type
Patent
1994-04-06
1996-02-27
Underwood, Donald W.
Material or article handling
Vertically swinging load support
Shovel or fork type
414728, 52118, E02F 339
Patent
active
054943957
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a driving machine with an articulated boom, which can be converted into an excavator, a tractor loader, a loader or a lifting truck.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In known articulated boom constructions, one or more arms, attached to each other in succession, are slewed by a hydraulic cylinder. A fulcrum pin connection is used to attach the arms, which allows adjacent arms to slew on one level with respect to each other. Usually, the arms are rigid and the farthest one, as viewed from the driving machine, is furnished with a device adaptable to carry out jobs. In addition to the rigid arms, there are telescopically extendable arms by which the reach is increased.
The above presented prior boom solutions lack the convertibility which is required when a multi-arm boom of an excavator is converted into loader use, in which mainly one arm is needed. It is, of course, possible to carry out loading with an excavator, but moving with a heavy load is difficult, since the load must be carried and supported by long arms which are far from the driving machine, which must rest on its wheels or tracks. On loading or lifting, the load must be brought as close to the driving machine as possible at least during the time of transportation.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
With the solution according to the invention, a decisive improvement on the convertibility of a boom is achieved. The invention is characterized in what is presented in the patent claims.
The most important advantages of the invention are that with the same boom construction qualities are achieved which are required of a tractor loader as well as qualities required of a lifting truck. By means of the boom, the load can be brought close to or far away from the driving machine, according to need. In addition, the boom construction has an effect of increasing the machine stability, which leads to one further advantage, i.e. the driving machine can be made lighter than previously known devices .
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the following the invention is defined more closely with reference to the drawings, where
FIG. 1 is a side-view of an excavator.
FIG. 2 is the boom.
FIG. 3 is a retracted boom.
FIG. 4 is a retracted boom in a driving machine.
FIG. 5 is a cross-section of a folding arm.
FIG. 6 is a cross-section of a sliding piece.
FIG. 7 is a sliding piece in the point of articulation.
FIG. 8 is a sliding piece between guides.
FIG. 9 is a cylinder locking.
FIG. 10 is a boom solution.
FIG. 11 is a hydraulic locking pin.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
FIG. 1 shows a simplified drawing of an excavator with a slewing gear 7 in the upper body. On the upper body the boom can be moved forward and backward with a movable support element 16. Lifting arm 1 is attached to the support element 16 with joint 2 and cylinder 3 moves the lifting arm. There are two attachment points 4, 5 in lifting arm 1 for attachment of the folding cylinder 6 rear end. Folding arm 9 is articulated in the lifting arm upper end with joint 8. In the folding arm 9 a scoop cylinder 10 is mounted for scoop 12 operation. On both sides of the folding arm 9 there are guiding pieces 17 as per FIG. 5. With this construction the driving machine is a reaching excavator.
FIG. 2 shows the same boom, in the top of which the scoop has been replaced with forks 13 of a lifting truck. With cylinder 6, attached with its rear end to point 4, the folding arm has been pulled in line with lifting arm 1. With the arms in line, the locking of articulation point 8 opens and guiding piece 17 can slide from sliding point 8 in line with arm 1 pulled by cylinder 6. In the state as per FIG. 2, the guiding piece 17 and, accordingly, also arm 9 have moved some distance into arm 1. Additional guides may be used, because cylinder 6, for example, cannot pull folding arm 9 completely in the direction of arm 1. In a situation as per FIG. 2 with the folding arm sufficiently supported by the guides, such as guiding pieces 17, the attachment of the cylinder 6 rea
REFERENCES:
patent: 3465904 (1969-09-01), Pensa
patent: 4102461 (1978-07-01), Soyland
patent: 4964778 (1990-10-01), Muto et al.
patent: 5092733 (1992-03-01), Kishi
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