Planetary gear transmission systems or components – Electric or magnetic drive or control
Reexamination Certificate
2000-07-27
2002-06-04
Marmor, Charles A (Department: 3681)
Planetary gear transmission systems or components
Electric or magnetic drive or control
C475S006000, C475S339000, C180S065600
Reexamination Certificate
active
06398685
ABSTRACT:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This is a U.S. National Stage Application of International Application No. PCT/AT99/00006 filed Jan. 11, 1999 and claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119 of Austrian Patent Application No. A59/98, filed on Jan. 16, 1998.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to an electric drive for a motor vehicle, in particular for a multi-track electromobile.
2. Discussion of Background Information
Such types of electric drives are being used more and more in twin-track motor vehicles, in both road and commercial vehicles. The usual design uses mainly two independent electric motors, which are geared down by a spur gear or planet gear so that the motors can run at a much higher speed than the drive gears. In this way the structural volume and the weight of the driving unit can be reduced. A considerable disadvantage however is the great expense of the individual parts.
Thus DE 26 06 807 B describes an electric motor with two side output, in the stators of which two mechanically and electrically independent rotors are excited jointly by the stator, whereby the rotors are positioned so that no end shield is necessary for the rotor bearing opposite the respective output side.
In DE 42 36 093 A a drive system for an electric vehicle is described, which comprises several motors and reducing gears with planet gear devices, which are connected in a force transmitting way between the motors and the gears of the electric vehicle, whereby the improvement is that the motors and gears are arranged coaxially, so that they can be arranged coaxially between the right and left wheel of the electric vehicle. Here all of the described driving components are arranged in a housing. By means of a suitable choice of force transmission by means of the gear devices the torque distribution to the wheel axes can be influenced advantageously.
Likewise DE 44 21 425 C describes the drive of a road vehicle with an electrical drive unit in which two separately functioning units each with an electric motor and a gear arranged facing the respective drive gear, designed as a spur gear with an output shaft arranged eccentric to the axis of rotation of the electric motor or as a planet gear, act on the drive wheels of a vehicle axis. Electric motors, gears and output shaft bearing are thus mounted on a common support member.
The disadvantage of the above described conventional drive units is the use of two mechanically and electrically independent electric motors, whereby for each drive wheel more or less the same expense is required, as a gear is also assigned to each drive wheel.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An aspect of the invention is to create an electric drive for a motor vehicle, which on the one hand avoids the disadvantages of the aforementioned drives and on the other hand is easy to assemble and meets the requirement of independent rotational speeds for the left and right drive gear of an axis.
The electric drive according to the invention is characterised in that a fixed housing is provided for the vehicle construction or for the vehicle frame, whereby in this housing a motor frame with a stator and a rotor provided in the motor frame are rotatably mounted respectively, and the motor frame and the rotor for work output rotate in opposite directions, whereby one drive line is connected with the rotor or with the motor frame and the rotational movement of the rotor or the motor frame is connected by a transmission device with the drive and output rotating in the same direction and a second drive line is connected with the motor frame or with the rotor, and the rotational movement of the motor frame is connected with the rotor and the rotational movement of the motor frame or the rotor is transmitted by a transmission device with a drive and output rotating in opposite directions. With the invention it is possible for the first time to create a drive, which is arranged between the left and the right drive wheel, which fulfills the differential function and takes up so little space that a rigid coaxial connection between the gear axes and the drive is possible without reducing the ground clearance of the vehicle to an impermissible extent. The invention is based on the fact that in every drive engine, which provides its mechanical power by means of a rotational movement, the torque on the output shaft is equal to the torque at which the engine has to be supported relative to its environment. In the conventional design with a fixed engine thus the driving power is provided exclusively by the moving output shaft. The invention however aims to achieve a branching out of output to two drive lines in order to accommodate the conditions of the vehicle drive. This can be managed according to the invention in that on the one hand the output shaft performs a rotational movement, for example the rotor, via the first drive line, on the other hand the motor frame also performs a rotational movement in an opposite direction to the rotational direction of the output shaft via the second drive line. A work output of both drive lines is achieved if the rotational movement is in the same direction as the occurring torque which is necessarily the case in the arrangement according to the invention. By Electro magnetic generation of torque, which on the one hand is picked up as an action torque on the output shaft and on the other hand exists as a reaction torque on the motor frame, there is no mechanical connection between these two parts of the arrangement, which prevents the free rotatability of both parts. In a drive for a road vehicle it is thus necessary, that the work output of the drive gears is performed with the same directional rotational movement of the right and left gear. This achieved by the drive according to the invention.
According to an embodiment variant, the motor frame is mounted by roller bearings in the housing that are in particular aligned with a shaft of the rotor. Thus, the motor frame is mounted in the housing. It is an advantage that a simple construction is possible, which ensures economical production. The motor frame can be mounted on both sides in the housing in such a way that the shaft end of the motor frame extends into the transmission device of the second drive line. By the possible short support length between the bearings, high motor speeds are possible without mechanical resonances occurring.
A further embodiment variant is provided in that the motor frame on the one hand is mounted on the shaft of the rotor and on the other hand in the housing. Thereby, a compact construction is possible.
According to another aspect of the invention, the motor-frame is mounted rotatably in the housing aligned with the shaft of the rotor having a shaft end for the bearing. Thereby, it is also ensured that both the output shaft via the rotor, and the motor frame can perform any rotational movement. As in the drive according to the invention the output is branched preferably to both sides of the electric motor corresponding bearings are provided. It is also advantageous that on the bearing no high centrifugal forces occur and relatively small bearing diameters are used.
According to another embodiment the rotor is mounted on the one hand in the housing of the drive and on the other hand in the rotating motor frame, in such a way that the shaft end of the rotor extends into the transmission device of the first drive line. In this way advantageous short paths for the torque transmission are provided.
According to a special design the drive line drives gear shafts via the transmission device. In this way it is possible advantageously to equip motor vehicles with the drive according to the invention. Thus it is possible to produce smaller and medium sized vehicles, in particular communal vehicles, economically.
The additional special design according to the present invention, the transmission devices are planet gears, whereby the rotor is securely connected via the shaft or the motor frame with a planet cage of the assigned planet gear, and moves
Wachauer Oskar
Wachauer Sonja
Greenblum & Bernstein P.L.C.
Marmor Charles A
Pang Roger
Wachauer Oskar
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