Metal working – Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for... – Type of machine
Patent
1990-01-11
1991-06-25
Howell, Daniel W.
Metal working
Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for...
Type of machine
408 25, 408 28, 408 62, B23P 2302
Patent
active
050255398
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a drilling and milling machine comprising
a workpiece carrier which is formed for clamping a material bar and is pivotal stepwise about a horizontal pivot axis which coincides with the axis of the material bar and
at least one tool spindle which has a spindle axis arranged at right-angles to the pivot axis and is adjustable along said spindle axis.
For cutting machining of workpieces two essentially different machining types are known. Firstly, the workpiece to be machined can be turned whilst the tool is kept stationary and secondly the workpiece to be machined can be clamped stationary whilst the tool is moved. The former type of machining takes place for example on a lathe and the latter in so-called machining centres such as drilling and milling machines.
If with a lathe a great number of small parts is to be made from a long material bar by cutting machining the material bar must be turned at high rotational speed and this involves problems which can be solved only with considerable expenditure.
Conventional drilling and milling machines with vertical or horiztonal arrangement of the drilling or milling tool have the disadvantage that they can only machine workpieces which have previously been brought to a suitable size, for example have been sawn or cast. Each individual workpiece must be fixed by means of a clamping or chuck device on the machine table of the drilling and milling machine. If several sides of the workpiece are to be machined and closely adjacent bores formed it is frequently necessary to effect several clampings of the workpiece. For this purpose, clamping or chucking means are required which usually have to be specially designed and made for each workpiece. With changing clampings of a workpiece accuracy problems arise and their solution also involves high costs. The cutting power in cutting machining may also be limited by limited stability of the clamping of the workpiece.
The aforementioned remarks apply particularly to a machine tool known from DE 3632319 Al and comprising a drilling and milling spindle head mounted for travel on a machine frame in vertical (Z) direction in which on the machine frame a centering clamping means for workpieces is mounted. The centering clamping means has the form of a turret chuck and is rotatable with a motor into the particularly desired angular position of the workpiece. A coordinate control makes it possible to turn the workpiece about its longitudinal axis with high precision. Consequently, drilling and milling work can be carried out at any desired surface area portions of the workpiece. The drilling and milling spindle head is guided on stationary columns. The workpiece is clamped during the machining in at least one clamping head which is arranged on a tool carriage movable in X and Y direction. During the machining the centering clamping means is open so that the workpiece is movable by moving the tool carriage in the X direction and, limited by the passage width of the centering clamping means, also in the Y direction.
The automation of the feed of the blanks and carrying away of the finished workpieces requires considerable expenditure in conventional drilling and milling machines. Thus, for this purpose pallet changers and pallet magazines are used which even further multiply the high expenditure described above for clamping fixtures. Technically complicated robots and portal loading means require at least twice the expenditure for clamping means unless long waiting times of the machine can be accepted.
The invention is based on the problem of configuring a drilling and milling machine in such a manner that with simple and economic means an automatic feed of the blanks for multiside machining of the workpieces is possible as well as their automatic carrying away after completion.
According to the invention this problem is solved in a drilling and milling machine of the type described at the beginning by
a travelling pillar which is displaceable in a direction parallel to the pivot axis and in a direction at rig
REFERENCES:
patent: 1096718 (1914-05-01), Hoff
patent: 1198797 (1916-09-01), Waterman
patent: 2354414 (1944-07-01), Walter
patent: 4578311 (1975-05-01), Link et al.
Howell Daniel W.
Stama Maschinenfabrik GmbH
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