Surgery – Truss – Perineal
Patent
1985-11-05
1989-04-25
Apley, Richard J.
Surgery
Truss
Perineal
623 13, 408 72B, A61F 504
Patent
active
048237809
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a device for aligning and guiding a reciprocatingly moveable drill rod to facilitate drilling a hole through at least either the tibia or the femur part of a knee joint, the hole being intended to receive one end of an anterior cruciate ligament substitute, which is then fastened to the bone. The invention also relates to a drill rod and a milling device to be used in connection with the device.
BACKGROUND ART
When carrying out a surgical operation in which an anterior cruciate ligament substitute is to be inserted in the tibia and the femur it is essential that the ends of the cruciate ligament are fastened so that the attachment locations are isometrically positioned, i.e. so that the distance between these locations, and therewith the length of the substitute ligament, will not change during angular movement of the tibia relative to the femur through O.degree. to about 140.degree..
Many methods have been proposed for determining firstly the precise positions of these attachment locations and secondly the alignment of the holes, canals and the like formed in the bone and serving as guide and/or attachment means for the cruciate ligament. Various instruments and devices for facilitating the alignment and guidance of tools for drilling the aforesaid holes or for forming said canals etc have also been proposed.
A number of these known methods and devices are described and illustrated in U.S. Pat. No. 4,257,411 and in the article "Drill Guides for Improving Accuracy in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Repair and Reconstruction" written by George F Hewson Jr. and published in the journal "Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research", No. 172, Jan.-Feb. 1983.
The aforementioned known methods and devices are encumbered with a number of disadvantages, however. For example, even though it has been possible to determine the positions of the attachment points with relative precision, it has not been possible to drill holes so that the mouths thereof facing said attachment points coincide with the attachment points, since the holes must be drilled from outside the tibia or the femur respectively. In addition hereto, the holes are drilled in two different working stages, often with the use of two different drill aligning and guiding devices. Moreover, it has not been possible to make the edges of such mouths smooth due to the inaccessibility of the space between the bones.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to improve previously known devices and to provide a drill aligning and guiding tool with which the holes intended for attachment of the cruciate ligament substitute can be drilled precisely at desired locations in the tibia and femur, and also in one and the same working operation. it is also an object of the invention to provide a drill aligning and guiding tool capable of lateral removal from the drill rod.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective side view of parts of a knee joint and of a device according to the invention,
FIG. 2 is a side view of a drill rod according to the invention,
FIG. 3 is a side view of a modification of the device shown in FIG. 1,
FIG. 4 is a top view seen from below in FIG. 3,
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a device for milling the outer edges of the holes passing through the tibia and femur, and
FIG. 6 is a side view of a second embodiment of a milling device for the same purpose.
PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
FIG. 1 illustrates those parts of the knee joint of a right leg which includes a femur A exhibiting the two femoral condyles of which the nearest (inner) is cut away and the distal (outer) is referenced A', and a tibia B exhibiting a plateau surface B' at its upper end The centre for attachment of an anterior cruciate ligament (not shown) to the inner surface of the femoral condyle A' is referenced a, while the centre for attachment of the cruciate ligament to the plateau B' is referenced b.
Before implanting an anterior cruciate ligament substitu
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Drill Guides for Improving Accuracy in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Repair and Reconstruction--George F. Hewson, Jr., MD.
Gillquist Jan I.
Odensten Magnus G.
Apley Richard J.
Bender David J.
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