Ammunition and explosives – Cartridges – Projectile structure
Patent
1996-06-27
1998-03-03
Tudor, Harold J.
Ammunition and explosives
Cartridges
Projectile structure
102506, 102517, 102521, F42B 502, F42B 1200
Patent
active
057238103
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to munitions for weapons of small, medium and large caliber, and more particularly to a new double-penetration reduced-range bullet of the type including a subprojectile combined with a launcher, actuated by a propellent system.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Munitions of the flechette type are known in the sporting and military fields and, for example, Patent FR-A-2,335,818 describes a hunting munition which includes a fin-stabilized subcaliber projectile combined with a launcher sabot. The latter is made of a material likely to fragment on leaving the barrel of the weapon, and dispersion of the fragments then represents a risk to the user's safety.
Patent FR-A-2,555,728 describes a munition of the same type, that is to say one which includes a fin-stabilized subprojectile associated with a detachable launcher which has the effect of guiding and sealing it as it travels along the barrel of the weapon. The subprojectile has a tapered shape and is made of a high-density material giving it a high surface energy on impact. However, this characteristic has the drawback of often causing only slight wounding of the game animal, it being possible in fact for the subprojectile to pass through the soft flesh of the game animal without encountering a hard part. Furthermore, the projectile may be driven a long distance if the target is missed, because of its good trajectory stability, and it may then constitute a danger for people in the vicinity.
Patent FR-A-2,627,854 relates to a hunting munition which includes a projectile consisting of an internal element, the front and side walls of which are covered with an external element in the form of a sleeve. The metal internal element includes a head having a neutralizing shape, fastened to a rear rod on which a hammer mass may slide in order to increase the neutralizing effect of the projectile upon impact. However, the external element remains fixed to the internal element over the entire trajectory of the projectile; it cannot be assimilated into a launcher such as used in flechette bullets and cannot afford the same advantages.
In addition, projectiles of this type have the drawback of exhibiting high aerodynamic drag and sensitivity to transverse wind. They also have a certain propensity to ricochets on obstacles such as tree trunks.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The subject of the present invention is a munition of the flechette type, including a subprojectile combined with a launcher which fills the bore of the weapon and which detaches under the effect of the aerodynamic forces on leaving the barrel of the weapon. The assembly consisting of the subprojectile (or bare bullet) and the launcher are incorporated into a cartridge which furthermore comprises a primed case and a propellent charge. This munition possesses characteristics enabling it to avoid the drawbacks of the aforementioned known projectiles and it may be used especially in hunting weapons as well as military training weapons.
According to one characteristic of the invention, the subprojectile comprises:
a body made of hard material combined with
an axisymmetric high-energy element which includes a front central nozzle communicating with at least two annular nozzles channeling the airflow.
In accordance with the present invention, the high-energy element forms the front part of the subprojectile and it preferably consists of a hollow outer element and a solid inner element which are connected together by blades, the inner element preferably having a smaller diameter and lying to the rear of the outer element.
According to a preferred embodiment, the high-energy outer element forms with the conical head of the subprojectile body a central nozzle communicating with the annular nozzles, formed in the axisymmetric high-energy element, around the conical head.
The high-energy element may be made in accordance with the invention in such a way that the outside diameter of its outer element substantially fills the bore of the weapon. In this embodiment, the launcher is placed on th
REFERENCES:
patent: 4043269 (1977-08-01), Ambrosini
patent: 4135449 (1979-01-01), Prochnow et al.
patent: 4539911 (1985-09-01), Flatau
patent: 4788915 (1988-12-01), Sauvestre
patent: 4827847 (1989-05-01), Laviolette
patent: 4911079 (1990-03-01), Sauvestre
patent: 5067406 (1991-11-01), Olson et al.
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