192 clutches and power-stop control – Clutches – Progressive engagement
Patent
1987-02-27
1989-03-14
Bonck, Rodney H.
192 clutches and power-stop control
Clutches
Progressive engagement
74339, F16D 2304
Patent
active
048118257
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a dog clutch with locking synchronization wherein a synchronizer body and a gear turning with different rotational speeds are coupled together form-lockingly with the aid of an axially displaceable, annular sliding sleeve when synchronized. In such synchronizers, an inner tooth array of the sliding sleeve engages in one respective outer tooth array of the synchronizer body and the gear. A locking pin and/or plunger is located between the synchronizer body and the sliding sleeve and in the uncoupled stage can engage in a recess on the inside of the sliding sleeve. The locking pin or plunger can have axially displaceable pressure surfaces, which cooperate with the pressure surfaces on a synchro ring arranged between the synchronizer body and the gear. At least two such synchro rings are connected to each other via entrainment devices and are in an entrainment connection with the synchronizer body in both circumferential directions and with circumferential play. Friction surfaces assigned to the gear form together several form-locking couplings with the friction surfaces of the synchro rings and the axial movements of the sliding sleeve are blocking via the blocking surfaces when out of synchronization.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Dog clutches of this kind have to perform many, often counteracting tasks, as indicated in the article in MOTORRUNDSCHAU 20/64.
For instance, the synchronization of the coupling parts (gear and synchronizer body) running at different rotational speeds has to be achieved quickly and with a minimum of shift forces. Also, after synchronization, it has to insure an easy decoupling and a quick form-locking coupling, so that there is overall, a quicker and smoother functioning of the shifting process.
These requirements have to be satisfied with functionally simple means, which are also inexpensively manufactured.
One way to approach these objects is by increasing the number of friction surfaces, in order to obtain higher friction torque with reduced shift forces.
From the WO No. 85/01 998, a device is known wherein the friction surfaces of the frictional connection assigned to the gear are connected to the gear only in the active position. The synchronizer rings, arranged one over the other in radial direction, are also connected only to the synchronizer body with circumferential play and for the purpose of locking.
The German open application No. 14 50 825 shows that synchronizer rings can be connected to each other by gear couplings.
Such devices, due to the considerable increase of the friction surfaces, lead to a more rapid speed equilization with commensurate shift forces without overloading the friction surfaces, when compared to a simple friction pairing. However, the decoupling is not satisfactory, as a result of the blunt locking surfaces, which are required for secure locking and because the manufacturing efforts for such a device are too high.
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide a dog clutch which will achieve a generally smoother shifting process, including the unlocking, with relatively simple means, which can be inexpensively manufactured.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This object is attained by providing a recess of the synchronizer body in which a coupling element is arranged with circumferential play and with which at least two mutually interconnected synchro rings (5, 50; 6, 60) arranged one over the other in radial direction, are connected.
By providing a coupling element for the immediate connection between the two friction rings, whereby the friction torque of all friction pairings act upon the locking surface so that, for instance, the shift teeth can have a more pointed configuration at the shift sleeve, at the synchro ring and the gear, a more favorable disengagement is obtained. As a result of the high meshing moment, the cold shift limit is very high at relatively obtuse angles. It can, for instance, be lowered considerably from 15.degree. C. at an angle of
Christian Klaus
Gerd Fuhrer
Bonck Rodney H.
Dubno Herbert
Lianides Ronald
Lorence Richard M.
Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen AG
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