Document of value

Details Document of value Document of value

1998-10-16

2000-12-05

Fridie, Jr., Willmon

Printed matter

Having revealable concealed information, fraud preventer or...

283 93, 283 91, 283 57, 283 83, 354 2, B42D 1500

Patent

active

06155605&

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a document of value and a method of authenticating such a document, and methods and apparatus for sorting documents of value.
2. Description of Related Art
In order to detect counterfeits of documents of value, it is conventional to apply security features to such documents which can then be detected during an inspection or authentication process.
Machine readable security features are well known for use with currency and other documents of value. They are provided for detection by portable detectors, portable hand held units, teller assist and retail assist equipment to ascertain the genuine nature of banknote and documents of value. Additionally they are used for machine checking the integrity of banknotes or other security documents on counting machines or sorting machines. The latter can pass documents at linear speeds of 1 m/s or more. Other areas where banknotes and other documents of value are machine read include note accepting devices, e.g. for car parks, note recyclers, vending machines and gaming machines.
Typical techniques to determine authenticity involve measurement of specific properties of materials. Examples of characteristics that are used in this way are Fluorescence, Magnetism, Phosphorescence, Absorption of light (uv, visible, ir) and Electrical Conductivity.
These features may be typically printed on to the document in either a visible ink, or an ink which cannot easily be seen. Alternatively detectable security features have been part of the substrate being incorporated into the security thread or in the paper itself.
Luminescent features are detected by exposing with a certain wavelength of light, typically in the uv or visible, and analysing the emitted light at one or more wavelengths in the visible or infra red. Both phosphorescent and fluorescent materials have been employed. In the case of phosphorescent materials, measurement of decay characteristics may also be carried out. Mixtures of phosphors and fluophors have been employed in detection.
Materials are known which can be excited by visible light and emit in the infra red, or alternatively emit in the red end of the spectrum after excitation in the visible. Anti-Stokes materials can be excited in the ir and emit in the visible.
Magnetic materials are commonly employed both in print and in paper features, e.g. threads. They have been sensed by measuring the remanent magnetisation after passing in the vicinity of a magnet. Alternatively, for added security, coercivity has been measured and in some instances the presence of a permanently magnetised code has been used.
Absorption of visible light can be used for pattern recognition, but more discriminating is absorption of uv or infra red light. Addition of special infra red absorbers to a component of the security document, such as the ink or thread has been carried out and the absorbance measured at one or more wavelengths.
Conductive materials are most effectively used on security threads or other plastic security components. Typically, a metallic conductive layer is used which is detected by capacitance or induction type detectors.
Security threads have also carried multilayer components of magnetic, fluorescent and metallic conductive layers. Generally on a security document when different machine readable features are present, they are printed in different areas of the document and either form part of the design of the document or are invisible.
Bar codes are frequently used to add information such as the value, issuer or account code. These may be printed in the standard linear format, or as a two dimensional or checker board type format. In the case of clearing bank cheques, special alphanumerical fonts are used which are either read by optical character recognition or magnetic sensing. The E13B code is a commonly used format.
For security threads methods have been disclosed for encoding. For example a security thread with intermittent presence of magnetism is known as is a thread with a va

REFERENCES:
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patent: 4446204 (1984-05-01), Kaule et al.
patent: 4609207 (1986-09-01), Muck et al.
patent: 5005873 (1991-04-01), West
patent: 5142383 (1992-08-01), Mallik
patent: 5447335 (1995-09-01), Haslop
patent: 5912767 (1999-06-01), Lee

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