Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology – Micro-organism – tissue cell culture or enzyme using process... – Recombinant dna technique included in method of making a...
Reexamination Certificate
1995-03-09
2001-03-20
Ulm, John (Department: 1646)
Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology
Micro-organism, tissue cell culture or enzyme using process...
Recombinant dna technique included in method of making a...
C435S325000, C435S243000, C435S252330, C435S320100, C536S023500, C930S140000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06204020
ABSTRACT:
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to the use of recombinant technology for production of lymphokines ordinarily produced in low concentration, and of novel lymphokines. More specifically, the invention relates to the cloning and expression of new DNA sequences encoding human colony stimulating factor-i (CSF-1) and muteins thereof.
BACKGROUND ART
For convenience of the reader, the references referred to in the text are listed numerically in parentheses. These numbers correspond to the numerical references listed in the appended bibliography. By these references, they are hereby expressly incorporated by reference herein.
The ability of certain factors produced in very low concentration in a variety of tissues to stimulate the growth and development of bone marrow progenitor cells into granulocytes and/or macrophages has been known for nearly 15 years. The presence of such factors in sera, urine samples, and tissue extracts from a number of species is demonstrable using an in vitro assay which measures the stimulation of colony formation by bone marrow cells plated in semisolid culture medium. There is no reliable known in vivo assay. Because these factors induce the formation of such colonies, the factors collectively have been called Colony Stimulating Factors (CSF).
More recently, it has been shown that there are at least four subclasses of human CSF proteins which can be defmed according to the types of cells found in the resultant colonies. One subclass, CSF-1 results in colonies containing predominantly macrophages. Other subclasses produce colonies which contain both neutrophllic granulocytes and macrophages; which contain exclusively neutrophilic granulocytes; and which contain neutrophilic and eosinophilic granulocytes and macrophages.
There are murine factors analogous to the first three of the above human CSFs. In addition, a murine factor called IL-3 induces colonies from murine bone marrow cells which contain all these cell types plus megakaryocytes, erythrocytes, and mast cells, in various combinations. Human IL-3 is also known. These CSFs have been reviewed by Dexter (1), Vadas (2), Metcalf (3) and Clark (4).
The invention herein is concerned with the recombinant production of proteins which are members of the first of these subclasses, CSF-1. This subclass has been further characterized and delineated by specific radioimmunoassays and radioreceptor assays—e.g., antibodies raised against purified CSF-1 are able to suppress specifically CSF-1 activity, without affecting the biological activities of the other subclasses, and macrophage cell line J774 contains receptors which bind CSF-1 specifically. The assays are described in (5).
Purification methods for various CSF proteins have been published. Purification has been reported for a CSF protein from murine L929 cells to a specific activity of about 1×10
8
units/mg, which also stimulated mainly macrophage production (6). Purification of mouse Lcell CSF-1 to apparent homogeneity using a rabbit antibody column has been done (7). The first 25 amino acids of the murine sequence have been reported (8).
Purification of the CSF-1 from human urine has been described (6), and a human urinary CSF-1 obtained at a specific activity of 5×10
7
units/mg which produced only macrophage colonies (5). The relationship of glycosylation of the CSF-1 proteins prepared from cultured mouse L-cells and from human urine to their activities was also described (9). Human urinary CSF-1 has been isolated to a specific activity of 10
8
U/mg (10), and to a specific activity of 0.7-2.3×10
7
U/mg on a rabbit antibody column (11).
A CSF protein from cultured human pancreatic carcinoma (MIAPaCa) cells was prepared which resulted in the growth of murine granulocytic and macrophagic colonies. The resulting protein had a specific activity of approximately 7×10
7
units/mg (12).
Partially purified preparations of various CSFs have also been reported from human and mouse lung-cell conditioned media (13, 14); from human t-tymphoblast cells (15, 16); and from human placental conditioned medium to apparent homogeneity and a specific activity of 7×10
7
U/mg (17).
A significant difficulty in utilizing CSF proteins in general, and CSF-1 in particular, has been their unavailability in distinct and characterizable form in sufficient amounts to make their employment in therapeutic use practical or even possible. The present invention remedies these deficiencies by providing string materials to obtain purified human and murine CSF-1 in useful amounts through recombinant techniques.
Human and murine GM-CSF, which is a CSF protein of a different subclass, has been purified and the cDNAs cloned. This protein was shown to be distinct from other CSFs, e.g., CSF-1 (18). This GM-CSF protein is further described in PCT No. WO87/02060, published Apr. 9, 1987, as being useful to treat cancer patients to regenerate leukocytes after traditional cancer treatment, and to reduce the likelihood of viral, bacterial, fungal, and parasitic infection, such as in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).
Murine IL-3 has been cloned (19). Human and gibbon II-3 have also been cloned (20, 21). See also (22, 23, 24, and 25).
The cloning of a cDNA encoding a 224 amino acid form of human CSF-1, specifically the clone designated herein-below as pcCSF-17, is also published ((26): hereinafter Kawasaki), and in PCT No. WO86/04607, published 14 August 1986. Recovery of a clone encoding a “long form” of human CSF-1 of 522 amino acids has also been reported (27, 28).
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
The invention herein relates to previously undisclosed forms of the human CSF-1 and murine CSF-1 proteins. The invention relates to additional forms of the human CSF-1 proteins from those forms specifically disclosed in the parent applications and in the Kawasaki reference (26). In addition to the specific embodiments disclosed in the Kawasaki article, represented by the 224 amino acid CSF-1 encoded by pcCSF-17 and certain specific modifications and deleted forms thereof, additional muteins of this shorter CSF-1 (SCSF) are disclosed. Also, additional modifications of the “long form” of the human CSF-1 protein (LCSF) are disclosed.
Thus, in one aspect, the invention relates to a subset of human or murine CSF-1 proteins (huCSF-1 and muCSF-1) and to DNA encoding these proteins. Some of the specific embodiments of the proteins disclosed herein contain approximately 522 amino acids, or are fragments and/or muteins derived from the native sequences of this length; other are single or double replacement muteins of the pcCSF-17 encoded protein. The human proteins related to the long form are described relative to the amino acid sequence shown in (SEQ ID NO: 2), designated LCSF. (SEQ ID NO: 2) shows the cDNA and deduced amino acid sequence for a cDNA encoding a “long form” of huCSFI (LCSF). Those related to the short form to that shown in (SEQ ID NO: 3), designated SCSF. (SEQ ID NO: 3) shows the DNA and deduced amino acid sequences for a cDNA clone encoding a “short form” of human CSF-1 (SCSF), designated pcCSF-17.
In additional aspects, the invention herein relates to a subset of human CSF-1 proteins (huCSF-1) and to the DNA encoding them. Some of the proteins of the invention have deletions at the N-terminus, and thus have the N-terminal sequence (SEQ ID NO: 5) or (SEQ ID NO: 6). Deletions from the termini are noted by N{overscore (V)} followed by the number of amino acids deleted from the N-terminal sequence, or by N{overscore (V)} and the last position remaining when residues are deleted from the C-terminal sequence. Thus, “SCSF/N{overscore (V)}4” or the “N{overscore (V)}4 form of SCSF” refers to CSF-1 of (SEQ ID NO: 4) wherein the first four amino acids from the N-terminus have been deleted: “SCSF/C{overscore (V)}130” or the “C{overscore (V)}130 form of SCSF” refers to CSF-1 wherein the last 94 amino acids following amino acid 130 have been deleted. The N-terminal muteins of this form have marked advantages when the CSF-1 protein is produced in bacteria. Specifica
Coyne Mazie Yee
Halenbeck Robert F.
Kawasaki Ernest S.
Koths Kirston E.
Ladner Martha B.
Blackburn Robert P.
Chiron Corporation
Morley Kimberlin L.
Pochopien Donald J.
Saoud Christine
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