Compositions: coating or plastic – Coating or plastic compositions – O-containing organic compound
Patent
1997-09-23
1999-03-16
Brunsman, David
Compositions: coating or plastic
Coating or plastic compositions
O-containing organic compound
10628721, 106253, 252356, 252357, 2523635, 540 1, 544400, 548253, 548261, 5482624, 5482676, 5483097, 5483361, 5483751, 548400, 5483241, 548560, 548561, C09D 702, B01F 1732
Patent
active
058823930
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This is a 371 of International Application No. PCT/NL97/00021 filed Jan. 22, 1997.
The present invention relates to dispersing agents or salts thereof, based on a compound containing at least one ring structure with at least one nitrogen atom in the ring.
The invention further relates to the use of dispersing agents, powdered or fibrous solid substances (fillers, pigments and the like), to be included in liquid systems, which are coated with such dispersing agents, as well as a number of new compounds which are suitable for preparing dispersing agents according to the invention.
To introduce solid substances into liquid media, high mechanical forces are necessary. This depends to a large extent on the solid substance's wettability by the surrounding medium, as well as on the affinity for this medium. In order to reduce these dispersing forces, it is conventional to use dispersing agents which facilitate incorporating the substances. This mostly concerns surface-active agents or surfactants, of anionic or cationic or non-ionic structure. In relatively low amounts of addition, these agents are either applied directly to the solid substance or added to the dispersing medium. Through such a surfactant, the energy required for the dispersion is considerably reduced.
Further, it is known that such solid substances, after dispersion, tend to reagglomerate, which nullifies the initially induced dispersing energy and leads to serious problems. This phenomenon can be explained by inter alia London/van der Waals' forces, by which the solid substances are mutually attracted. In order to nullify these attractive forces, adsorption layers should be provided on the solid substances. This occurs through the use of such surfactants or polymers.
During and after the dispersion, however, there arises an interaction of the surrounding medium with the solid particle, so that a desorption of the surfactant can arise in exchange for the surrounding medium present in a higher concentration. However, in most cases this surrounding medium is incapable of building up such stable adsorption layers, so that the entire system flocculates. This is evidenced by inter alia an increase of the viscosity in liquid systems, loss of gloss, color shifts in lacquers and coatings, insufficient development of coloring power in pigmented plastics and lacquers, as well as a decrease of the mechanical strength in reinforced plastics.
In European patent applications 154.678, 438.836 and 520.586 dispersants are described, based on the reaction product of a polyisocyanate with a functionality of 2.5 to 6 with a compound containing a ring structure with at least one basic nitrogen atom in the ring.
These known dispersants are typically based on cyclic compounds which are attached to the polyisocyanate via an amino- or hydroxy-functional side chain. Compounds representative thereof are 1-(2-aminoethyl)piperazine, 2-amino-6-methoxybenzothiazole, 4-(2-aminoethyl)pyridine, 4-(aminomethyl)pyridine, 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole, 1-(3-aminopropyl)imidazole, 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)pyridine and 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)imidazole.
These known products are useful for a large number of applications. However, a disadvantage, among others, is that the products based on the above-mentioned nucleophilic compounds are limited in the solids content that is acceptable in practice. Commercial products generally have a solids content in the order of magnitude of 25 to 35% by weight. An object, among others, of the invention is to provide a dispersing agent that makes it possible to arrive at higher solids contents.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Surprisingly, it has now been found that this objective can be realized by the use of a specific type of nucleophilic compounds.
Accordingly, the invention relates to dispersing agents or salts thereof, comprising the reaction product of: about 5, with with at least one nitrogen atom in the ring, R represents a chain of at least three atoms, and X has the meaning O--R.sup.1 or N(R.sup.1) (R.sup.2), wherein R.sup.1 is H or a group of the formula R.sup.3 -
Pirrung Frank Oliver Heinrich
Quednau Peter Hermann
Brunsman David
Efka Chemicals B.V.
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