Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification – Organic additive for dye composition – dye composition... – Polymeric additive
Patent
1996-03-28
1998-03-10
Lovering, Richard D.
Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification
Organic additive for dye composition, dye composition...
Polymeric additive
8526, 8561, 252356, 252357, 536114, B01F 1752, C09B 6702, C09B 6746
Patent
active
057256055
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This application is a 371 of PCT/EP94/03124 filed Sep. 19, 1994.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a liquid dispersant concentrate based on degradation products of polysaccharides containing uronic acid units which is stable against clouding at normal temperature.
2. Discussion of Related Art
Nowadays, dispersants are often used in the finishing of textiles, for example in pretreatment or in dyeing. Examples of such dispersants are lignin sulfonates, reaction products of lignin sulfonic acid with alkyl halides or alkyl sulfonic acid chlorides, protein fatty acid condensates, naphthalene sulfonic acid/formaldehyde condensates, alkylaryl sulfonates, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyacrylates, glucose-containing polyacrylate copolymers, polyphosphates and derivatives thereof (cf. for example Ullmanns Encyklopadie der technischen Chemie, Volume A8, pages 586-590).
Unfortunately, the commercially available dispersants presently used by the expert for the finishing of textiles are attended by the disadvantage that they are either based on petrochemical raw materials and/or show poor biological degradability or eliminatability. In addition, many dispersants are powders which are more difficult to use in measured quantities by comparison with liquids.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The problem addressed by the present invention was to provide ecologically safe liquid dispersant concentrates based on native raw materials which would be suitable above all for use in the finishing of textiles. In particular, the dispersant concentrates according to the invention would avoid the above-described disadvantages of the prior art. A dispersant concentrate is understood to be a formulation which contains the dispersant in aqueous medium in a quantity of at least 20% by weight.
It has now surprisingly been found that the degradation products of polysaccharides containing uronic acid units effectively meet the requirements stated above in every respect.
Accordingly, the present invention relates to a liquid dispersant concentrate containing degradation products of polysaccharides and water which is stable against clouding at normal temperature, the degradation products being obtainable by thermal, hydrolytic, oxidative or enzymatic degradation of polysaccharides containing uronic acid units and weight, based on the concentrate as a whole, and with a Brookfield viscosimeter (spindle 1)--being in the range from 10 to 500 mPa.s.
Normal temperature in the context of the present invention is understood to be a temperature in the range from 10.degree. to 35.degree. C.
In the context of the invention, uronic acid units are understood on the one hand to be the uronic acids themselves, for example D-glucuronic acid or D-galacturonic acid, and on the other hand salts or esters thereof where a corresponding modification of the free carboxyl group of the uronic acids is present in the naturally occurring raw material. For example, it is known that the carboxyl group of glucuronic acid is usually present in the form of its Ca or Mg salt in vegetable gums and mucilages (cf. for example Henseke G., "Zuckerchemie" Berlin 1966, page 136). Examples of uronic acid units in which the carboxyl group is present in the form of its ester are pectin and tragacanth which contain inter alia D-galacturonic acid methyl esters as principal units.
Polysaccharides containing uronic acid units are naturally occurring products. They may be unconditionally used for the production of the degradation products to be employed in accordance with the invention. The type and quantity of uronic acid units present in the polysaccharides are basically not critical. For example, pectin which occurs in the cell walls and middle lamellae of higher terrestrial plants contains the uronic acid units D-galacturonic acid and D-galacturonic acid methyl ester as principal constituents. Algin which occurs in the cell walls of brown algae contains the uronic acid units D-mannuronic acid, L-guluronic acid and the corres
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"The Merck Index, tenth edition" 1983, Merck & Co., Rahway, N. J., U.S.A. see p. 1161, paragraph 7944.
"Rompps Chemie-Lexikon, Achte, neubearbetete und erweiterte Auflage, Band 6, T-Z" 1988, Franchk'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart, DE see p. 4449, paragraph Unronsayren.
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"Zuckerchemie" Berlin 1966, p. 136 (1987).
Hietsch Dieter
Maunz Birgit
Schad Joerg
Grandmaison Real J.
Gruenau Illertissen GmbG
Jaeschke Wayne C.
Lovering Richard D.
Szoke Ernest G.
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