192 clutches and power-stop control – Clutches – Operators
Patent
1991-02-19
1992-05-26
Braun, Leslie A.
192 clutches and power-stop control
Clutches
Operators
192 7011, 192 90, F16D 1352
Patent
active
051158981
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention concerns a clutch or brake disk set with spreading devices according to the preamble of claim 1, which is based on prior art such as described in DE-C 26 01 507.
According to said citation it was known to provide spreading devices in disk sets of clutches, brakes, etc., in order to detach the disks quickly and reliably from each other when disengaging the clutch or the brake. In particular, oil-lubricated friction surfaces tend to stick to each other and, even with a disk set itself unloaded, cause considerable drag frictions or drag torques With spreading elements, a permanently sufficient spacing is again produced in the disengaged state of the disk set, an operating condition favorable to starting after stopping the vehicle also being ensured.
In addition to spreading springs between the disks, which did not make possible any full prevention of whatever further friction, spreading elements that work depending on centrifugal force and have balls radially passed between the individual disks were also known through the above prior. To retain the balls, bores are required, in the area of their drag profile, which weaken the mechanical strength of the disks and increase the cost of production. The positioning of the individual balls makes the assembly of such disk sets difficult and the overload of individual disks, at certain points, or the breaking of individual balls can cause heavy secondary failures in machines equipped with such disk sets. It is also disadvantageous that spreading elements which depend on centrifugal force also respond only after a certain rotational speed and thus, at least in the starting phase, cannot serve their purpose. The problem to be solved by the invention, departing from the above, is to be seen in providing a clutch or brake disk set with spreading devices which are simple and wear-free and which have approximately the same spreading forces during all the time they last.
According to the characteristic part of claim 1, the solution consists in providing, for spreading the disks, magnetic fields with radially oriented polarities so that the latter act especially in the peripheral direction. It has actually been found that when magnetizing the individual friction disks passing over a peripheral air gap, equidirectional polarities, situated opposite to each I0 other over the disk spacings, appear on the normally spread apart individual disk edges whereby many separate axial repulsions of the individual disks with respect to their neighbors are then produced in the whole disk set. The acting repulsion forces are on one side so slight that they are overcome, without problem, by the actuation forces and on the other side they suffice to reliably separate from one another the individual disks eventually still sticking to each other after elimination of the actuation force that activates the disk set and to hold them apart until the actuation force is again switched on. At the same time, neither the participation of centrifugal force (like in the case of the ball spreading elements) nor making allowances for mechanical residual friction (like, for example, in spring spreading elements) is necessary.
Other advantages of the invention are obtained by means of the features states in the sub-claims for special embodiments:
An especially favorable magnetic force effect is obtained when magnetic bodies are provided in the area of the supporting profile of the disks in the respective disk carrier, said magnetic bodies having a polarity pointing across the axial direction (that is, radial or tangential with respect to the disks).
Moreover, if the disks have not been made already of a magnetizable material, it is also enough if the magnetic bodies are provided with magnetizable partial areas in or on the disks only in the radially opposite marginal zones.
A uniform distribution of spreading force is obtained by distributing a few magnetic bodies of equal action on the periphery of the disk set, axially covering most part of them.
By embedding the magnetic bodies in radial rece
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patent: 2606638 (1952-08-01), Russell
patent: 3172515 (1965-03-01), Wrensch
patent: 3180469 (1965-04-01), Wiedmann
Lehle Hubert
Schneider Rudolf
Braun Leslie A.
Whitelaw Nicholas
Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen AG
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