Electric lamp and discharge devices – With gas or vapor – With particular gas or vapor
Patent
1998-04-20
2000-03-21
Patel, Ashok
Electric lamp and discharge devices
With gas or vapor
With particular gas or vapor
H01J 1720, H01J 6112
Patent
active
060406585
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present group of inventions relates to the electrical engineering industry, more specifically to methods of generating radiation in the visible spectrum as a result of an electrical discharge in gas, and also to low-pressure discharge illumination lamps of various types: argon, xenon, krypton, sodium, mercury, mercury-luminescent et alia.
KNOWN ART
A method is known of producing optical radiation, comprising the creating of a gas discharge in a mixture of sodium vapours at a pressure of 0.1-1.0 Pa with inert gases at a pressure of 100-1500 Pa in a tube of optically transparent material (cf. G. N. Rokhlin "Discharge light sources", Moscow, Energoatomizdat, 1991, pp. 451-457).
Said known method of producing optical radiation is based on the fluorescent radiation of sodium vapours (589.0 and 589.6 nm), i.e. almost monochromatic yellow light that cannot be transformed by means of phosphors, as a result of which said method is unsuitable for general lighting. In order to accomplish said method, the use of a chemically aggressive substance--sodium--is required.
A gas discharge lamp is known comprising a glass tube into which two electrodes are hermetically sealed. Said tube is filled with neon plus 0.5-1.0% argon at a pressure of up to 600 Pa, said sodium is likewise introduced into the tube. The tube is externally provided with small convexities (internal dimples) for condensation of the sodium and is fitted inside an evacuated outer glass envelope whose inner surface is coated with a thin indium oxide film (cf. G. N. Rokhlin "Discharge light sources", Moscow, Energoatomizdat, 1991, pp. 451-457).
The known discharge lamp allows only a monochromatic yellow light to be obtained that cannot be transformed by means of phosphors, and moreover contains sodium, a chemically aggressive substance.
A method is known of producing optical radiation, comprising the creating in a tube of optically transparent material of a gas discharge of varying lengthwise cross-section in an inert gas and mercury vapour atmosphere. The magnitude of the current and pressure in the discharge space is selected so as to ensure the periodic interruption of discharge (see RF patent specification No. 1814741, c1. H01J 61/72, pub. 07.05.93).
Said known method allows radiation to be generated in the UV, visible and near-IR regions of the spectrum with high efficiency and brilliance. However, the use of mercury vapour renders it environmentally hazardous.
A mercury gas discharge lamp is known for lighting cucumber greenhouses comprising an optically transparent discharge chamber with electrodes sealed therein and filled with inert gas and mercury in such quantity as to maintain the operating pressure during discharge and with radiating additives in the form of lithium, sodium and indium iodides in the following quantities (% wt.): lithium iodide 8-18; sodium iodide 70-88; indium iodide 4-12 (cf. RF patent specification No. 1816330 c1. H01J 61/18, publ. 15.05.93).
The presence of mercury as a working substance is undesirable from the viewpoint of the environmental friendliness of the fabrication, operation and subsequent disposal of such lamps.
The method that is closest, in terms of the totality of substantive features, to the claimed method is a prototype method of producing optical radiation comprising the creating in a tube of optically transparent material of a gas discharge in an atmosphere of inert gas, mercury vapour and radiating additives in the form of metal halides at an inert gas pressure of 2660-39900 Pa (cf. USSR Inventor's Certificate No. 1833927 c1. H01J 61/18, publ. 15.08.93).
The known method, by virtue of the introduction of radiating additives of various metals, allows high-power lamps to be produced that embrace the most varied radiation spectrum at significantly higher efficiencies as compared with mercury-only lamps.
A drawback of said prototype method is that mercury has to be employed which is extremely undesirable from the viewpoint of environmental friendliness.
The lamp that is closest, in terms o
REFERENCES:
patent: 3611186 (1971-10-01), Witteman
patent: 4929868 (1990-05-01), Bouchard
patent: 5382873 (1995-01-01), Scholl et al.
patent: 5404076 (1995-04-01), Dolan et al.
Bashlov Nikolai L.
Kidalov Sergei V.
Kozyrev Sergei
Milenin Vyacheslav M.
Timofeev Nikolai A.
Aktsionernoe Obschestvo Zakkytogo Tipa Nauchno-Tekhniches Koe Ag
Faller F. Brice
Patel Ashok
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