Wave transmission lines and networks – Plural channel systems – Having branched circuits
Patent
1988-08-31
1990-03-06
Gensler, Paul
Wave transmission lines and networks
Plural channel systems
Having branched circuits
330295, H01P 518
Patent
active
049069543
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a directional coupler device.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
FIG. 3 shows a circuit diagram for a multi terminal directional coupler having four input terminals and four output terminals. In FIG. 3, the signals input to signal input terminals 1 and 2 are inputted to a hybrid directional coupler 9a having a 3 dB degree of coupling (referred to as coupling degree hereinafter) and each of the signals is divided into two parts by the directional coupler 9a and the divided signals are coupled. The divided and coupled signals are respectively input to hybrid directional couplers 9c and 9d. The signals input to the signal input terminals 3 and 4 are inputted to a hybrid directional coupler 9b having a 3 dB coupling degree and each signal is divided into two parts by the directional coupler 9b and each signal is coupled. The divided and coupled signals are input to the hybrid directional couplers 9c and 9d having a 3 dB coupling degree. The signals input in the directional couple 9c are respectively divided in two parts and the signals are coupled. The divided and coupled signals are output at signal output terminals 5 and 6. The signals input in the directional coupler 9d are respectively divided into two parts and the signals are coupled. The divided and coupled signals are output at the signal output terminals 7 and 8.
In the multi terminal directional coupler constructed as mentioned above, each signal has 1/4 power of the input power of the signals input in the input terminals 1 to 4 and each signal is output at the output terminals 5 to 8. The multi terminal directional coupler can be applied to a butler matrix which controls the direction of the radiation beam and the available scope of the coupler is wide.
In FIGS. 4(A) and 4(B), there is provided a branch line directional coupler 9a on the top surface of the left upper portion of a dielectric substrate 10 which is formed in a rectangular shape having a ground conductor plate 11 formed on the entire reverse surface of the substrate 10. The branch line directional couple 9a includes strip conductors 21 and 22 having a rectangular shape of a width d1 and a length .lambda.g/4 and strip conductors 23 and 24 having a rectangular shape of a width d2 and a length .lambda.g/4. The strip conductors 21 and 22 and the strip conductors 23 and 24 are respectively formed in parallel on the dielectric substrate 10 for providing the respective strip conductors 21 to 24 in a rectangular shape. .lambda.g is a wave length in the wave guide. Respective conductors on the connection point of the strip conductors 21 and 23, the connection point of the strip conductors 22 and 24, and the connection point of the strip conductors 21 and 24 are respectively indicated by the numeral 25 to 28. As known in the prior art, in the branch line directional coupler 9a, a microwave line of a specific impedance Z.sub.0 may be coupled to the conductors 25 to 28 by suitably defining the widths d1 and d2 of the strip conductors 21 to 24 for obtaining a 3 db coupling degree in a circuit formed by the conductors 25 to 28 of the connection points.
Branch line directional couplers 9b, 9c, and 9d are formed on the left bottom portion, the right top portion, and the right bottom portion of the top surface of the insulator substrate 10, as shown in FIG. 4(A). Branch line directional couplers 9b, 9c, and 9d are similar to the branch line directional coupler 9a. For convenience, reference numerals 21 to 29 of the directional coupler 9a are used in the directional couplers 9b, 9c, and 9d.
The respective conductors 25, 26, 27, and 28 at the connection points of the directional coupler 9a are connected to the signal input terminals 1 and 2. The connection points 25 of the respective directional couplers 9c and 9d are connected thereto through the connection strip conductors 31, 32, 35, and 36, having width d. The respective conductors 25, 26, 27, and 28 at the connection points of the direction coupler 9b are connected to the signal input terminals 3
REFERENCES:
patent: 3575674 (1971-04-01), Howe, Jr.
patent: 3748601 (1973-07-01), Seidel
Aikawa Masayoshi
Tanaka Toshiaki
ATR Optical and Radio Communications Research Laboratories
Gensler Paul
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