Chemistry of carbon compounds – Miscellaneous organic carbon compounds – C-metal
Patent
1974-12-30
1976-05-11
Brust, Joseph P.
Chemistry of carbon compounds
Miscellaneous organic carbon compounds
C-metal
260485R, C07C12000, C07C 6952
Patent
active
039563588
ABSTRACT:
Derivatives of the .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acids are dimerized by reaction in the presence of a catalyst consisting essentially of (a) at least one metal compound of the formula M(X).sub.n wherein M is zinc, aluminum, titanium, vanadium, iron, or cobalt, X is a halide and n is a number equal to the valence of the metal M and (b) at least one nitrogen-containing Lewis Base which is (1) a tertiary monoaryl amine of the formula, ##EQU1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same or different and each is an alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group with at least one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 containing at least two carbon atoms; or (2) a tertiary monobenzyl amine of the formula, ##EQU2## wherein R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are the same or different and each is an alkyl or cycloalkyl radical; or (3) a tertiary di- or poly-functional amine which contains at least two Lewis Base nitrogen groups which are separated from each other by at least one carbon atom, and are (a) N-disubstituted amino groups wherein each N-substituent is the same or different and is an alkyl, cycloalkyl, benzyl, aryl radical or (b) N-heterocyclic groups containing 3 to 20 carbon atoms; or (4) an N-substituted heterocyclic amine wherein the N-substituent is an alkyl, benzyl, cycloalkyl or aryl radical.
REFERENCES:
patent: 3484475 (1969-12-01), Cornforth et al.
patent: 3499024 (1970-03-01), Morita et al.
patent: 3567760 (1971-03-01), Feldman et al.
patent: 3733351 (1973-05-01), Watanabe et al.
Brust Joseph P.
Dick David
Halcon International, Inc.
Long William C.
Stewart Riggs T.
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