Road structure – process – or apparatus – Pavement – Including joint means
Patent
1995-05-05
1997-03-04
Lisehora, James A.
Road structure, process, or apparatus
Pavement
Including joint means
404 49, 404 66, 404 68, 404 69, 5239605, 5239606, E01C 1110, E01D 1906
Patent
active
056072538
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
DESCRIPTION
1. Technical Field
The present invention relates to a dilatation Joint element for forming a surface joint between two structural members of, for example, cement concrete for use in joining, for example, structural members such as roadway sections in bridges and parking garages.
2. Prior Art
The reason why dilatation joints are required in cement concrete structures is that is is desired to avoid detrimental crack formation in finished structural members. In cement concrete internal stresses may arise which, when they become too intense, will gradually cause the concrete to crack. By providing openings between structural members, for example, between concrete blocks, crack formation will be located at the openings. Therefore, so called dilatation openings are provided between the blocks in a concrete structure, which dilatation openings are often joined and covered by some kind of sealing joint structure.
The joints may be of the butt type or may be flexible, depending on field of application. Butt joints, or working joints, are utilized to facilitate the casting process. Flexible joints, or dilatation joints, are utilized to minimize detrimental crack formation.
Cement concrete is a changeable material. When losing water, the concrete contracts and it is also affected by variations in temperature which in our Swedish climate may imply considerable temperature differences. Further, so called creep occurs, the extent of which depends on the load applied to the concrete over a certain period of time. Linear expansion is often related to a fixed coefficient defined by the material itself. The movement of the concrete is thus influenced by a number of factors which together give a total movement of a structural member of concrete, which again may affect the entire structure of which the structural member forms part.
Besides absorbing said movements, the dilatation joint should be sealing and should transmit forces between structural members such as concrete blocks. Sealing is required for preventing water containing, for instance, salt and other substances detrimental to the concrete from penetrating and leaching the concrete and from damaging the reinforcements, if any. Should water leakage occur in a joint, water which has become alcalic through contact with the concrete could damage underlying materials, for instance in a parking garage, and cause damage to the paint of cars. Further, infiltrating water could cause frost erosion and crack formation. In order to be durable, a joint must be tight and must be able to withstand mechanical influence of various kinds as well as considerable temperature differences.
There are previously known a variety of joint structures for joining dilatation openings, in which either some kind of jointing compound or a prefacricated dilatation joint is used.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
To avoid leakage in concrete structures with dilatation joints and to prevent dirt from accumulating in the joints, a dilatation joint element has been developed which is easy to mount, reliable and essentially maintenance-free. With a horizontal, planar upper surface there will be no accumulation of dirt which would make the joint butt, and the use of a snow plough is made possible. The dilatation joint element according to the invention consists of opposed, longitudinal angle elements interconnected in pairs and made of metal with interposed jointing compound, reinforcement bands and rubber elements. The dilatation joint is secured between concrete blocks by means of casting. The jointing compound is arranged to be connected with the upper vertical angle elements. Reinforcement bands are attached between the angle elements interconnected in pairs, surrounding one or more rubber elements between the opposed angle elements interconnected in pairs, the upper band being connected with the jointing compound between the angle elements. With this type of structure there is provided essentially curved band sections between the angle elements interconnected in pairs, as well as a curved joi
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patent: 3722379 (1973-03-01), Koester
patent: 3849958 (1974-11-01), Balzer et al.
patent: 5365713 (1994-11-01), Nicholas et al.
Intermerc KB
Lisehora James A.
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