Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Designated organic active ingredient containing – Radical -xh acid – or anhydride – acid halide or salt thereof...
Patent
1996-02-27
1999-02-09
Reamer, James H.
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Designated organic active ingredient containing
Radical -xh acid, or anhydride, acid halide or salt thereof...
514549, 514552, 514558, A61K 31185
Patent
active
058695303
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This application is a 371 of PCT/FR95/00770 Jun. 12, 1995.
The present invention relates to the domain of dietetic and more particularly to the domain of nutritional supplements.
More particularly the present invention has as a subject matter novel dietetic compositions intended to compensate in the new-born babies, and the children or in the old people, a nutritional deficit in essentials fatty acids belonging to the series n-3 and n-6.
Specifically it has as a subject matter, the dietetic compositions providing essentials fatty acids from series n-3 and/or n-6 in weak patients, in misnutritioned or deprived subjects, in an easily usable and directly useful form for the well-being of the subjects.
It is effectively known that: needs which are not satisfied with the existing artificial milks, even if they contain a sufficient quantity of linoleic (18:2 n-6) and .alpha.-linolenic (18:3 n-3) acids. In effect, the enzymatic equipment (desaturases and elongases) of premature babies is to limited, to synthesize the higher homologous and particularly docosahexanoic acid or DHA (22:6 n-3), and arachidonic acid (20:4 n-6) (M. FOREMAN Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 57 (suppl) (1993) 829S). development of the vision (P. PEIRANO J. Pediatr. 120 (1992) 168-180), but also of the other cerebral functions in the premature babies which are not suckled. Tests have shown that the photo-receptive functions of the premature babies have an optimal maturation only, if a sufficient supply of polyunsaturated long chain fatty acids of the series n-3 is achieved, either with mother's milk, either with press-cake of fish oils (D. R HOFFMAN Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 57 (suppl) (1993) 801-806).
It has even been evidenced a relationship between the level of DHA in the plasma of the newborn babies and their degree of prematurity evaluated according to indexes of psychomotor and mental development (K. BJERVE Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 57 (suppl) (1993) 801-806)
Various sources of DHA have been suggested, starting from press-cake of fish oil but this has the disadvantage to contain a high percentage of eicosapentaenoic acid or EPA (20:5 n-3) the presence of which may be noxious in babies and which is not normally found in mother's milk (K. BJERVE)
The essentials fatty acids, and in particular .alpha.-linolenic acid (18:3 n-3) have a fundamental role for the child cerebral maturation but deficiencies are frequent. A deficiency in essentials fatty acids in serie n-3, generates a diminution in DHA amount at the cerebral level (22:6 n-3). After a supply of .alpha.-linolenic acid, recovery is extremely slow (J. M BOURRE Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential fatty acids, 48 (1993) 5-15), whereas a supply into higher fatty acids and in particular into DHA, promotes a rapid recovery (J. M BOURRE J. Neuroch. 60 (1992) 2018-2027).
In a same way, at the time of ageing, the desaturation and elongation capacities for essential fatty acids are reduced. Thus, it may be contemplated beneficial effects of a supply into polyunsaturated long chain fatty acids.
The present invention consist to propose an origin of fatty acids to the n-3 serie in a proportion suitable for the nervous system and in particular rich in DHA (22:6 n-3) and in arachidonic acid (20:4 n-6) in the form of phospholipids which are rich in fatty acids belonging to the n-3 serie.
This phospholipids rich in very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids are present particularly in egg yolk from hens which have been appropriately fed, in particular with food enriched with essential fatty acids from series n-3 and n-6, such as .alpha.-linolenic acid and linoleic acid: seeds or colza oil, soya oil, linseed oil, Ribes's fruits oil.
The phospholipids of egg yolk from hens have the following chemical structure: ##STR1## the fatty acids are bound with the glycerol, either with an ester link, either with an ether link.
The present invention has, as a consequence thereof, as a subject, dietary compositions based on a mixture of phospholipids extracted from eggs from hens given feed enriched with vegetable oil rich in polyu
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Foreman, Am. J. Nutr., vol. 57, p. 829s, 1993.
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Bourre(l), Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential fatty acids, vol. 48, pp. 5-15, 1993.
Bourre(ll), J. Neuroch, vol. 60, pp. 2018-2087, 1992.
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Institut De Recherche Biologique
Reamer James H.
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