Dielectric resonator antenna for a mobile communication

Details Dielectric resonator antenna for a mobile communication Dielectric resonator antenna for a mobile communication

2001-02-27

2003-03-11

Wimer, Michael C. (Department: 2821)

Communications: radio wave antennas

Antennas

Antenna components

C343S873000, C343S846000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06531991

ABSTRACT:

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a dielectric resonator antenna mainly used in a microwave or millimeter wave region for a mobile communication, a satellite communication or a satellite broadcasting.
2. Description of the Related Art
Because a mobile communication, a satellite communication or a satellite broadcasting has been rapidly made progress, a transmit-receive device for the communication has been recently used in a house or automobile. In particular, because an antenna representing a radio terminal of the transmit-receive device is set up outside the house or a mobile station, it is required to downsize the antenna because of conditions for a set-up position and external appearance of the antenna.
Therefore, a resonance antenna is conventionally used as a downsized antenna. In the resonance antenna, a dielectric material having a relative dielectric constant higher than one is used to shorten a physical length of the resonance antenna and downsize the resonance antenna. For example, a microstrip antenna and a hemispherical dielectric resonator antenna are well-known. Because the hemispherical dielectric resonator antenna can be made by using a metal mold or the like and the number of etching steps required to make the hemispherical dielectric resonator antenna is small, the hemispherical dielectric resonator antenna can be easily mass-produced.
2.1. Previously Proposed Art
The hemispherical dielectric resonator antenna is, for example, disclosed in a literature “Theory and Experiment of a Coaxial Probe Fed Hemispherical Dielectric Resonator Antenna” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and propagation, Vol.41, No.10, pp.1390-1398, October 1993.
FIG. 1A
is an oblique view of a conventional hemispherical dielectric resonator antenna disclosed in the above literature, and
FIG. 1B
is a cross sectional view of a hemispherical dielectric resonator shown in FIG.
1
A.
As shown in
FIGS. 1A and 1B
, a hemispherical dielectric resonator
301
filled with a dielectric material is disposed on a ground plane
302
, a coaxial probe
303
is tightly inserted in the hemispherical dielectric resonator
301
from a rear surface of the resonator
301
through a coaxial aperture
304
to fix the hemispherical dielectric resonator
301
on the ground plane
302
. The coaxial probe
303
is located at a displacement b from the center of the hemispherical dielectric resonator
301
. When a signal transmitting through the coaxial probe
303
is fed in the hemispherical dielectric resonator
301
, the resonator
301
is resonated, and a linearly polarized wave having a fixed frequency is radiated from the resonator
301
.
2.2. Problems to be Solved by the Invention
However, in the conventional hemispherical dielectric resonator antenna, it is required to feed the signal from a rear surface of the resonator
301
to the resonator
301
through the coaxial aperture
304
. Therefore, there is a first drawback that it is difficult to arrange the hemispherical dielectric resonator
301
and the coaxial probe
303
on the same plane and a resonance frequency of the conventional hemispherical dielectric resonator antenna cannot be adjusted.
Also, in the conventional hemispherical dielectric resonator antenna, because the coaxial probe
303
is only inserted in the hemispherical dielectric resonator
301
to fix the hemispherical dielectric resonator
301
on the ground plane
302
, there is a second drawback that the connection of the resonator
301
and the ground plane
302
is not sufficient and the resonator
301
easily comes off the grand plane
302
. Also, because it is difficult to form an array antenna by setting a plurality of hemispherical dielectric resonator antennas in array, the adjustment of antenna characteristics in the array antenna cannot be performed.
Also, in cases where a positional relationship between a mobile body and a base station changes with the passage of time, an optimum antenna angle changes with the passage of time in the linearly polarized wave, and a wave receiving sensitivity is degraded in the conventional hemispherical dielectric resonator antenna. To perform a mobile communication, there is a case that a circularly polarized wave is utilized in the satellite broadcasting or the satellite communication in place of the linearly polarized wave. However, there is a third drawback that the linearly polarized wave is only used in the conventional hemispherical dielectric resonator antenna and the conventional hemispherical dielectric resonator antenna has no operational function for the circularly polarized wave.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A first object of the present invention is to provide, with due consideration to the drawbacks of such a conventional hemispherical dielectric resonator antenna, a dielectric resonator antenna in which a signal feeding line and a dielectric resonator are formed on the same plane and a resonance frequency of the antenna is adjustable.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a dielectric resonator antenna in which a hemispherical dielectric resonator is reliably fixed on a ground plane and an array antenna is easily formed to adjust antenna characteristics.
A third object of the present invention is to provide a dielectric resonator antenna in which a satellite communication, a satellite broadcasting or a mobile communication is performed by using a circularly polarized wave.
The first object is achieved by the provision of a dielectric resonator antenna, comprising:
a metal substrate;
a dielectric resonator arranged on a first side of the metal substrate for radiating an electromagnetic wave according to a signal; and
a dielectric wave-guiding channel connected with the dielectric resonator and placed on the first side of the metal substrate for feeding the signal to the dielectric resonator.
In the above configuration, when a signal is transmitted to the dielectric resonator through the dielectric wave-guiding channel, the dielectric resonator is resonated, and an electromagnetic wave is radiated from the dielectric resonator. Therefore, the dielectric resonator antenna functions as a wave radiation device. In this case, because the dielectric resonator and the dielectric wave-guiding channel are placed on the same side of the metal substrate, the dielectric resonator antenna can be easily set on an antenna base or an automobile.
The first object is also achieved by the provision of a dielectric resonator antenna comprising:
a feeder circuit for feeding a signal;
a metal feeding screw connected with the feeder circuit, a length of the metal feeding screw being adjustable; and
a dielectric resonator, having a screw hole in which the metal feeding screw is fixedly inserted, for resonating an electromagnetic wave at a resonance frequency depending on the length of the metal feeding screw and radiating an electromagnetic wave according to the signal transmitted from the feeder circuit through the metal feeding screw.
In the above configuration, when a signal fed from the feeder circuit is transmitted to the dielectric resonator through the metal feeding screw, the dielectric resonator is resonated at a resonance frequency depending on the length of the metal feeding screw, and an electromagnetic wave according to the signal is radiated from the dielectric resonator. Therefore, the dielectric resonator antenna functions as a wave radiation device. In this case, because the metal feeding screw is tightly inserted in the screw hole of the dielectric resonator, the dielectric resonator is fixedly connected with the feeder circuit. Also, because a length of the metal feeding screw is adjustable, a resonance frequency of the dielectric resonator antenna for the electromagnetic wave depending on the length of the metal feeding screw can be adjusted.
Accordingly, because the dielectric resonator and the metal feeding screw are arranged on the feeder circuit, the dielectric resonator antenna can be easily set on an antenna base or an automobile. Also, because a length of the meta

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