Surgery – Means for introducing or removing material from body for... – Material introduced into and removed from body through...
Patent
1995-06-20
1997-03-04
Yasko, John D.
Surgery
Means for introducing or removing material from body for...
Material introduced into and removed from body through...
604 27, 604174, 604264, A61M 100
Patent
active
056073909
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to dialysis probes.
One known form of dialysis probe is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,106,365 and an explanation is given there of the uses and problems associated with microdialysis probes.
It is an object of the invention to provide a dialysis probe that has increased safety in use.
The present invention provides a dialysis probe for insertion into the human or animal body, the probe comprising: distal end; membrane; and dialysis membrane, the inlet and outlet tubes being provided at the other end, hereafter referred to as the proximal end, of the tubular dialysis membrane and making sealed connection with the interior of the dialysis membrane, characterized in that: to the anchoring member; and outside of the body of the subject.
Such a probe has increased safety in use because the provision of the anchoring member at the proximal end of the probe, the bonding of the components to it, and the securing to the outside of the body of the subject together greatly reduce the risk that any part of the probe will break free and be lost in the body of the subject. The loss of a part of the probe into, for example, a vein or artery could readily lead to fatal consequences for the subject and thus a probe according to the invention can be used within a vein or artery with relative safety.
Advantageously, the attachment means is arranged to be secured indirectly to the body of the subject and comprises a stopper surrounding the dialysis membrane for plugging the lumen of a cannula secured to the outside of the body of the subject. Such an arrangement enables the probe to be used with a cannula left in situ for an extended period and usable for other purposes, such as the introduction of therapeutic or diagnostic agents, as well as for the introduction of a probe according to the invention. Thus, the trauma of the repeated introduction of a cannula can be avoided.
Preferably, the stopper is a cap comprising a central plug portion to enter the interior of the cannula, an annular head portion extending transversely to the axis of the probe, and an annular wall projecting from the annular head portion towards the distal end of the probe to engage the exterior of the cannula. That provides a very simple means of securing the probe to a cannula.
The interior of the annular wall may be provided with a screw thread. Such an arrangement provides additional security when used with a cannula arranged to receive a screw-threaded cap.
Preferably, the stopper is made of resilient plastics material. By that means a secure seal in the lumen of the cannula can readily be obtained.
The dialysis membrane may project beyond the attachment means at the proximal end of the probe.
In a different form of construction, the attachment means is arranged to be secured directly to the body of the subject and each of the dialysis membrane, the inlet tube and the outlet tube is bonded directly to the anchoring member.
Advantageously, one end of a respective flexible connecting tube is connected to the proximal end of each of the inlet and outlet tubes, and the said one end of each connecting tube is bonded to the anchoring member. By that means connection to external apparatus is facilitated and the integrity of the connection between the connecting tubes and the inlet and outlet tubes ensured.
Advantageously, an impermeable sheath is provided on the interior or the exterior of the tubular dialysis membrane and extends from the proximal end of the probe to a position part way along the length of the dialysis membrane. Such a sheath prevents dialysis from taking place near the proximal end of the probe where contact with the surface tissues of the subject may falsify the results obtained from using the probe.
The sheath may, for example, extend to within 5 centimeters, within 2 centimeters or within 1 centimeter of the distal end of the dialysis membrane.
The sheath may comprise an impermeable coating on the outside of the dialysis membrane or it may comprise a sleeve mounted on the dialysis membrane and bonded to the ancho
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patent: 3824157 (1974-07-01), Macur
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patent: 5106365 (1992-04-01), Hernandez
patent: 5115817 (1992-05-01), Sarstedt
patent: 5441481 (1995-08-01), Mishra et al.
patent: 5472432 (1995-12-01), Martin
patent: B14772269 (1992-05-01), Twardowski et al.
O'Connell Mark L.
Patsalos Philip N.
Institute of Neurology
Yasko John D.
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