Liquid purification or separation – Processes – Liquid/liquid solvent or colloidal extraction or diffusing...
Patent
1993-08-20
1995-12-05
Drodge, Joseph W.
Liquid purification or separation
Processes
Liquid/liquid solvent or colloidal extraction or diffusing...
210 85, 210 962, 210143, 36441302, 604 4, B01D 6132
Patent
active
054726140
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a dialysis machine with safety monitoring and a corresponding method for monitoring safety.
2. Description of the Related Art
As is known, dialysis machines incorporate a dialysis unit which is connected to a patient by means of an extracorporeal circulation line and which is controlled by means of specific actuators by a control system which ensures that the most appropriate dialysis conditions for the treatment required are maintained at all times on the basis of the operator's settings and adjustments.
In order to ensure that the dialysis unit always operates correctly, a monitoring system is generally provided to check consistency between the set conditions and the actual conditions, to reveal any situations which are potentially hazardous to the patient and to generate corresponding commands for returning the machine to a non-hazardous situation. In a known dialysis machine both the control and monitoring functions are performed by a single processor. This arrangement is however disadvantageous in that it does not ensure a sufficient level of safety if there should be a fault in the processor, one of the sensors or one of the actuators. In order to overcome this problem and increase the safety of the machine, separate control and safety systems each provided with their own sensors and their own actuators, are provided in another known dialysis machine. This arrangement, according to which in practice all detection and actuation members are duplicated, in fact provides a sufficient level of safety, but at the cost of considerably greater structural complexity, which has a repercussion on the cost of the machine itself.
The object of this invention is therefore to provide a dialysis machine which overcomes the disadvantages of known machines, and in particular provides optimum safety in respect of possible faults, with a low system cost.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with this invention a dialysis machine is provided with safety monitoring comprising a dialysis unit, a plurality of control actuators for the said dialysis unit, a plurality of control sensors for measuring the control values of parameters which are of relevance to safety in the said dialysis unit, a control unit connected to the said control activators to send control signals and to the said control sensors to obtain the said control values, a safety unit connected to the said control unit and comprising means for generating commands capable of generating commands relating to safe states, and a plurality of safety sensors to measure the safety of values of the said parameters which are relevant to safety in the said dialysis unit, the said safety sensors being connected to the said safety unit, characterised in that the said safety unit comprises transmission means capable of sending the said commands relating to safe states to the said control unit, in that the said control unit includes means for sending activating signals corresponding to the said commands relating to safe states to the said control actuators, and in that the said control actuators are associated with a plurality of actuator sensors for measuring the operating parameters of the said control actuators, the said actuator sensors being connected to the said safety unit.
The invention also relates to a method for monitoring safety in a dialysis machine which incorporates the stages of: to the said control unit, generating actuation signals corresponding to the said commands relating to safe states by means of the said control unit, sending the said activating signals from the said control unit to control actuators, measuring operating parameters of the said control actuators and sending the said operating parameters to the said safety unit.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
For a better understanding of this invention a preferred embodiment will now be described purely by way of a non-restrictive example, with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a simplified
REFERENCES:
patent: 3946731 (1976-03-01), Lichtenstein
patent: 4370983 (1983-02-01), Lichtenstein
patent: 5247434 (1993-09-01), Peterson et al.
Drodge Joseph W.
Hospal Ltd.
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