Chemical apparatus and process disinfecting – deodorizing – preser – Analyzer – structured indicator – or manipulative laboratory... – Calorimeter
Reexamination Certificate
2001-03-13
2004-07-27
Alexander, Lyle A. (Department: 1743)
Chemical apparatus and process disinfecting, deodorizing, preser
Analyzer, structured indicator, or manipulative laboratory...
Calorimeter
C422S067000, C436S164000, C436S169000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06767510
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to devices for conducting assays, including qualitative, semi-quantitative and quantitative determinations of one or more analytes in a single test format.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Over the years, numerous simplified test systems have been designed to rapidly detect the presence of a target ligand of interest in biological, environmental and industrial fluids. A synonym for target ligand is analyte or target analyte. In one of their simplest forms, these assay systems and devices usually involve the combination of a test reagent which is capable of reacting with the target ligand to give a visual response and an absorbent paper or membrane through which the test reagents flow. Paper products, glass fibers and nylon are commonly used for the absorbent materials of the devices. In certain cases, the portion of the absorbent member containing the test reagents is brought into contact, either physically or through capillarity, with the sample containing the target ligand. The contact may be accomplished in a variety of ways. Most commonly, an aqueous sample is allowed to traverse a porous or absorbent member, such as porous polyethylene or polypropylene or membranes by capillarity through the portion of the porous or absorbent member containing the test reagents. In other cases, the test reagents are pre-mixed outside the test device and then added to the absorbent member of the device to ultimately generate a signal.
Commercially available diagnostic products employ a concentrating zone methodology. In these products, such as ICON® (Hybritech Incorporated), TESTPACK™ (Abbott Laboratories) or ACCULEVEL® (Syva Corporation), the device contains an immunosorbing or capture zone within a porous member to which a member of a specific binding pair is immobilized. The surface of the porous member also may be treated to contain one or more elements of a signal development system. In these devices, there is a liquid absorbing zone which serves to draw liquid through the immunosorbing zone, to absorb liquid sample and reagents and to control the rate at which the liquid is drawn through the immunosorbing zone. The liquid absorbing zone is either an additional volume of the porous member outside of the immunosorbing zone or an absorbent material in capillary communication with the immunosorbing zone. Many commercially available devices and assay systems also involve a wash step in which the immunosorbing zone is washed free of nonspecifically bound signal generator so that the presence or amount of target ligand in the sample can be determined by examining the porous member for a signal at the appropriate zone.
In addition to the limitations of the assay devices and systems of the prior art, including the limitations of using absorbent membranes as carriers for sample and reagents, assay devices generally involve numerous steps, including critical pipetting steps which must be performed by relatively skilled users in laboratory settings. Accordingly, there is a need for one step assay devices and systems, which, in addition to controlling the flow of reagents in the device, control the timing of the flow of reagents at specific areas in the device. In addition, there is a need for assay devices which do not require critical pipetting steps but still perform semi-quantitative and quantitative determinations.
REFERENCES:
patent: 3966897 (1976-06-01), Renn et al.
patent: 4233029 (1980-11-01), Columbus
patent: 4426451 (1984-01-01), Columbus
patent: 4435504 (1984-03-01), Zuk et al.
patent: 4591570 (1986-05-01), Chang
patent: 4695554 (1987-09-01), O'Connell et al.
patent: 4727019 (1988-02-01), Valkirs et al.
patent: 4756828 (1988-07-01), Litman et al.
patent: 4756884 (1988-07-01), Hillman et al.
patent: 4757004 (1988-07-01), Houts et al.
patent: 4829010 (1989-05-01), Chang
patent: 4857453 (1989-08-01), Ullman et al.
patent: 4859613 (1989-08-01), Lawrence
patent: 4877586 (1989-10-01), Devaney, Jr. et al.
patent: 4879215 (1989-11-01), Weng et al.
patent: 4883688 (1989-11-01), Houts et al.
patent: 4906439 (1990-03-01), Grenner
patent: 4911782 (1990-03-01), Brown
patent: 4916056 (1990-04-01), Brown, III et al.
patent: 4945205 (1990-07-01), Litman et al.
patent: 4948961 (1990-08-01), Hillman et al.
patent: 4960691 (1990-10-01), Gordon et al.
patent: 4963498 (1990-10-01), Hillman et al.
patent: 4978503 (1990-12-01), Shanks et al.
patent: 5004923 (1991-04-01), Hillman et al.
patent: 5006309 (1991-04-01), Khalil et al.
patent: 5023054 (1991-06-01), Sato et al.
patent: 5028535 (1991-07-01), Buechler et al.
patent: 5051237 (1991-09-01), Grenner et al.
patent: 5087556 (1992-02-01), Ertinghausen
patent: 5089391 (1992-02-01), Buechler et al.
patent: 5137808 (1992-08-01), Ullman et al.
patent: 5140161 (1992-08-01), Hillman et al.
patent: 5144139 (1992-09-01), Hillman et al.
patent: 5147607 (1992-09-01), Mochida
patent: 5155212 (1992-10-01), Dubler et al.
patent: 5164598 (1992-11-01), Hillman et al.
patent: 5202268 (1993-04-01), Kuhn et al.
patent: 5204525 (1993-04-01), Hillman et al.
patent: 5209904 (1993-05-01), Forney et al.
patent: 5238652 (1993-08-01), Sun et al.
patent: 5300779 (1994-04-01), Hillman et al.
patent: 5458852 (1995-10-01), Buechler
patent: 5486335 (1996-01-01), Wilding et al.
patent: 5512659 (1996-04-01), Ullman et al.
patent: 5766961 (1998-06-01), Pawiak et al.
patent: 5885527 (1999-03-01), Buechler
patent: 5922615 (1999-07-01), Nowakowski et al.
patent: 6019944 (2000-02-01), Buechler
patent: 6143576 (2000-11-01), Buechler
patent: 6156270 (2000-12-01), Buechler
patent: 0212314 (1987-04-01), None
patent: 0348006 (1989-12-01), None
patent: 0418765 (1991-03-01), None
patent: 0 695 941 (1996-02-01), None
patent: A-57-113364 (1982-07-01), None
patent: A-57-156028 (1982-09-01), None
patent: A-62-129759 (1987-06-01), None
patent: A-1-203038 (1989-08-01), None
patent: A-3-223674 (1991-10-01), None
patent: WO94/09366 (1994-04-01), None
patent: WO97/00442 (1997-01-01), None
patent: WO97/02357 (1997-01-01), None
Cambridge Dictionary of Science and Technology, Walker, editor, 131 (1988) (Reprinted 1990).
Dill, “Dominant Forces in Protein Folding”,BIOCHEMISTRY29(31): 7133 (1990).
Frens, “Controlled Nucleation for the Regulation of the Particle Size in Monodisperse Gold Suspensions,”Nature Physical Science241:20-22 (1973).
Laibinis, et al., “w-Terminated Alkanethiolate Monolayers on Surfaces of Copper, Silver, and Gold Have Similar Wettabilities”J. Am. Chem. Soc.,1992:114 (1990-1995).
Lou, et al., “One-Step Competitive Immunochromatographic Assay for Semiquantitative Determination of Lipoprotein(a) in Plasma”Clinical Chemistry,39(4) 619-624 (1993).
Myer, D., Surfaces, Interfaces, and Colloids: Principles and Applications, 94-99 (1991).
Ross et al., “Thermodynamics of Protein Association Reactions: Forces Contributing to Stability”BIOCHEMISTRY20(11): 3096 (1981).
Phadke, “Biosensors and enzyme immobilized electrodes.” Biosystems, 27:203-206, 1992.
Rogers et al., “biosensors for environmental monitoring.” Biosensors & Bioelectronics, 7:317-321, 1992.
Alexander Lyle A.
Biosite, Inc.
Foley & Lardner LLP
LandOfFree
Diagnostic devices and apparatus for the controlled movement... does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Diagnostic devices and apparatus for the controlled movement..., we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Diagnostic devices and apparatus for the controlled movement... will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-3193384