Liquid purification or separation – With heater or heat exchanger – Vapor or gas removal
Patent
1990-11-02
1992-09-08
Dawson, Robert A.
Liquid purification or separation
With heater or heat exchanger
Vapor or gas removal
210182, 210188, 210259, 210295, 210748, 210770, B01D 500, B01D 5300
Patent
active
051455765
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to the treatment of human or animal dejecta and proposes a new microwave treatment technique able to solve the problems of cleansing raised by removal of said dejecta and, more particularly, very substantially reduce the risks of pollution and other harmful effects specific to this type of waste and this in an independent and economic way.
For this, the invention provides a method for the treatment of human and animal dejecta by microwaves, characterized in that it consists in subjecting at least the solid parts of the dejecta to be treated to microwave irradiation under controlled conditions so that at the end of the treatment of said parts they have reached a predetermined degree of desiccation.
According to one embodiment of the method, the dejecta to be treated, namely the solid parts alone or mixed with the liquid parts, are forced to pass through a given space subjected to the microwave irradiation, under flow conditions defined so as to obtain the desired degree of desiccation of the treated materials on leaving the irradiation zone.
Moreover, the water vapour released during microwave treatment is advantageously collected for possible recycling or recovery of the condensation water.
Also advantageously said dried materials are collected and conditioned for discharging them or for subsequent treatment.
In the case where only the solid parts are treated with microwaves, the liquid parts are separated before treatment and subjected to evaporation so as to collect the water for possible recycling or recovery.
The invention also relates to devices for implementing the above method.
Such a method is remarkably efficient and makes it possible to transform, in a closed circuit and so independent process, polluting products or products generating different harmful effects into dry and sterile residues of reduced volume and which can be easily handled for discharging same.
Furthermore, the method makes it possible to recover the waters contained in the dejecta and in particular recycle them into the dejecta collecting system, thus contributing in making the dejecta treatment installation independent, possibly totally so, this substantial advantage of the method of the invention being particularly interesting in its application to the treatment of dejecta on sites having high temporary frequentation which are not generally equipped in particular with the required water facilities, or on sites comprising considerable volumes to be treated and sterilized, such as animal breeding farms or else on board air, land or sea vehicles.
Other characteristics and advantages will be clear from the following description of embodiments of the method of the invention, which description is given solely by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a human dejecta treatment installation using the method of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial vertical sectional view of another embodiment of the method of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic axial vertical sectional view of the module of the installation of FIG. 1 where solid/liquid separation takes place prior to the microwave treatment of the solid materials; and
FIG. 4 illustrates schematically an installation according to the invention for the treatment of considerable amounts of dejecta.
In FIG. 1, an embodiment of the method of the invention has been shown schematically applied to the treatment of human dejecta collected from a WC pan 1.
Pan 1 is connected by a slightly descending duct 2 to a solid/liquid separation tank 3. Tank 3 is connected by a duct 4 to the lower part of a module 5 for conveying the solid materials from tank 3 upwards towards a microwave irradiation unit 6. Above the irradiation unit 6 is disposed an extractor 7 extracting the gases generated during the microwave treatment.
More precisely, the solid materials from the treatment unit 6 are conveyed through extractor 7 by a duct 8 which extends as far as a tank 9 for recovery of the dried treated materials.
REFERENCES:
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patent: 3655048 (1972-04-01), Pergola
patent: 3831288 (1974-08-01), Stribling et al.
patent: 4193869 (1980-03-01), Brucker et al.
patent: 4219415 (1980-08-01), Nassef et al.
patent: 4631133 (1986-12-01), Axelrod
patent: 5037560 (1991-08-01), Gayman
Dawson Robert A.
Kim Sun Uk
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