Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing – Involving an insoluble carrier for immobilizing immunochemicals
Patent
1985-05-30
1988-05-03
Marcus, Michael S.
Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
Involving an insoluble carrier for immobilizing immunochemicals
422 58, 422 61, 422 69, 422102, 422107, 436510, 436807, 436810, 436818, G01N 33543, G01N 3376, B01L 300, B01L 900
Patent
active
047420111
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to devices for chemical and clinical testing, and their use. It particularly concerns improved apparatus for carrying out such tests. The devices of the invention are applicable to a well-known range of tests, which range is wide and not particularly limited by the function or chemical basis of the tests: it especially includes the known specific binding or specific affinity tests, for example immunologically-based methods of detection such as immunoassays: (all such immunological and other specific binding methods are generically referred to in this specification as immunoassays). The literature of specific binding assays reviewed in European Specification No. 0 014 530 is representative of known kinds of such assays.
A large range of apparatus types has been devised to carry out immunoassays and other clinical tests: in nearly every case the test procedure demands the interaction of a plurality of reactants and a corresponding large number of manipulations is required on the part of the user. The range of apparatus already known includes tubes, beads, slides, and tube inserts coated with sensitising material for the purposes of the tests, and proposals have also been made to use sensitised brushes or bodies with a convoluted surface to carry sensitising material, e.g. immunosorbent material, such as for example antibody, antigen or specific binding partners for either of them.
It is an aim of this invention to simplify the handling of such tests. It is also an aim of this invention to provide apparatus for clinical immunological testing which is simple and convenient to use in an environment far removed from a specialist immunological testing laboratory, e.g. at a patient's bedside or at home.
A further aim of the invention lies in providing a construction of apparatus for simplified clinical and chemical testing involving a sensitised carrier body which facilitates uniform production of such a sensitised body as well as its convenient handling in use.
According to the invention, an apparatus for carrying out a test or assay of any of the kinds described above, using a liquid sample possibly containing some quantity of an analyte to be tested for, includes a sensitised solid surface and is improved in the following way: the test component which includes the sensitised solid surface is removably mounted in spaced relationship with an accessory solid surface carried on an accessory body, so that upon contact with or immersion in liquid which is to provide the test sample, liquid of the sample contacts the sensitised solid surface, and the accessory solid surface acts to retain sample liquid (in some embodiments, possibly a definite, consistent, and maybe standardised volume of sample liquid) in contact with the sensitised solid surface after any removal of the apparatus from further contact with or immersion in the liquid. In certain embodiments, the accessory solid surface can be closely spaced from the sensitised surface, and may be so placed that it helps in conducting a flow of sample liquid over the sensitised solid surface, e.g. by capillary action or other effect of surface tension. In other embodiments, the accessory solid surface can take the form of a sample liquid holder such as a cup, which is removably fitted to the test component or to the handle. In use, the test component is later removed from its association with the accessory solid surface, and can be treated further, e.g. by washing and exposure to further reactant.
The description given hereinbelow gives forms and examples of the improved devices according to the invention, for carrying out chemical or clinical testing of liquid samples, for example urine samples, by specific binding assay, such a device comprising a test component (2) which has a sensitised solid surface (2a) carrying an immobilised component of a specific binding pair relevant to the assay, and a handling piece (1), and in which the improvement comprises a removably mounted accessory component (4) carrying an accessory solid surface (5), which i
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Blake Anthony
Coley John
Smith Ronald
Marcus Michael S.
Unilever Patent Holdings B.V.
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