Drying and gas or vapor contact with solids – Apparatus – Gravity flow type
Patent
1996-02-23
2000-05-23
Bennett, Henry
Drying and gas or vapor contact with solids
Apparatus
Gravity flow type
34 93, 126629, F26B 1712
Patent
active
060652233
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The subject of the invention is a device utilizing solar energy, especially for drying and roasting of agricultural-, as well as food processing products, finalizing distillation and evaporation, separating of complicated compounds.
DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART
Utilization of solar energy is a most favorable method of generating energy from the point of view of environmental protection. Opportunities hidden in solar energy had been recognized in ancient times, but its utilization on appropriate levels with proper efficiency especially as industrial utilization has only recently been realized. An explanation for this is that the density of the sun's radiating energy is relatively low and it is scattered and depends heavily on the geographical location, season of the year, period of the day and angle of incidence.
Heated water in plane plate collectors constructed as fix, plane receiving screens is generated by direct solar radiation. The heated water gives up its heat energy in a heat exchanger to freon. Freon gas on over pressure expands in a tubo generator to produce electric power. Such a Rankine circulation is provided where the source of heat is the water heated to a temperature of 60-90 degree Celsius. Top efficiency of this type of systems is between 5-11%. These plane collectors despite of their low level of thermal dynamical efficiency are suitable for providing electrical energy for agricultural centers and small scale enterprises.
Devices concentrating solar energy can obtain high temperature with optical concentration of solar energy. Concentration can be achieved by moving the gathering collectors to follow the sun. Suitable devices for concentration are the paraboloid, cylindrical-paraboloid collectors, the spherical mirrors and Presnel type lenses.
Processes and devices mentioned above utilize solar energy in an indirect way.
Cylindrical paraboloid or trough paraboloid collectors belong to the gathering collectors and their rotation is limited. The working liquid located in the focal point vaporizes as it departures from the collector, in the energy transformation system its energy is transformed and the vapor is condensed in the condensator and the liquid streams back under pressure to the pipe line system located in the focal point of the collector.
Implementation of these types of devices requires expensive and very technically sophisticated facilitates.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An object of the invention is to create a device which significantly decreases the disadvantages mentioned previously and which implements the solar following of plane collectors which are substantially planar and cylindrical paraboloid collectors in two directions and economically utilizes the heat energy in the heat absorbing system of the collectors.
Another object of the invention is a collector capable of absorbing not only direct but scattered radiation of light energy. With two directional movement thereby extending the functioning period for energy collecting. Advantageously, the invention extends the thermal peak performance period and decreases the investment cost per manufactured product unit. Extension of the gathering surface is adjustable according to need with binding elements expediently constructed and matching to the inlets of the plane collectors.
According to the invention, movement of the cylindrical paraboloid collectors further with direct utilization of the heat energy significantly increases the solar energy utilization.
According to the invention following movement is provided to both plane collectors and cylindrical paraboloid collectors in order to achieve a peak gathering period.
According to the invention there following movement is provided by a supporting-moving device fixed on the back side of the collectors' base plate. Further, absorbing black colored plates placed under the translucent covering plate on the insulating plate on plane collectors' base plate preferably having pyramid or wedge shape are applied for good heat absorption and surface
REFERENCES:
patent: 3775863 (1973-12-01), Updegrove
patent: 4169459 (1979-10-01), Ehrlich
patent: 4391046 (1983-07-01), Pietraschke
Bennett Henry
Wilson Pamela A.
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