Ordnance – Breech closures – Gas checks
Patent
1993-01-14
1994-09-13
Johnson, Stephen M.
Ordnance
Breech closures
Gas checks
42 25, F41A 374
Patent
active
053458540
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF INVENTION
The invention concerns a device on hand weapons to seal a cartridge chamber for a cartridge without a case that has a bullet and a propellant charge connected to it, with a seal designed in the shape of a pot on the front end of the butt that has a base adjacent to the base of the propellant charge and a side projecting over the base, which seals by a rise in pressure and presses on the inside of the cartridge chamber.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Small weapons with such a device can be inferred, for example from Austrian Patents 293 229 and 310 040. The sealing element that locks the cartridge chamber in the back is made of two parts here and includes, on one hand, the butt, which is adjacent to the cartridge chamber on the front, and, on the other hand, a case arranged on the butt that projects over the front, making it generally pot-shaped. The projecting part of the case that includes the propellant charge expands under the pressure of the propellant gas and is pressed onto the inside of the cartridge chamber. Since the resulting gas pressure is quite high, for example 4,000 to 5,000 bar, it has been shown that because of the annular gap between the case and the butt, the seal is not satisfactory, and a loss of pressure occurs that has an effect on the firing. It also means that the base of the pot shape in particular, and if necessary the projecting part of the case, is worn down or damaged.
Austrian Patent 317 726 shows an extractor for cartridges without cases that have a groove around the outside. The butt in this design has an extractor claw that overlaps the propellant charge on one part of the periphery and goes into the peripheral groove. The butt is thus either not coaxial to the running axis or, has a cross section that is not circular, caused by the eccentric extractor claw, so that the design of a bayonet catch is not possible.
The task of the invention is to create a device with an improved, easily produced seal for the cartridge chamber on the side where it locks.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to the invention, this is achieved by having the generatrix on the outside of the side of the seal converge with the generatrix of the section on the inside of the cartridge chamber.
Because the two generatrices converge at a common point of contact, the lock is locked by the radial, elastic compression of the seal on all sides, with a sealing press fit on the section of the inner surface of the cartridge chamber. This sealing press is increased even more by the pressure of the gas, and because of the pot-shaped design, no free space, like the annular gap mentioned, can open. The generatrices are preferably straight, but can also be slightly bent curves. Another preferred embodiment provides for the generatrices on the outer surface of the side of the seal to run parallel to the axis of the cartridge chamber. In this case, only the inner surface of the cartridge chamber is conical.
The angle between the two generatrices can be within the range of 0.1.degree. to 15.degree., and depends inter alia on the elastic deformation dimensions of the material used for the seal. For the steels usually used in weapons production, the angle is preferable 1.degree.. This has given especially good results in practical tests.
The pot-shaped seal can be designed in the front part of the butt, and the inner space of the pot-shaped seal corresponds preferably to the shape of the propellant charge. Since the seal wears out mainly on its base, the base of the seal can have a changeable insert attached to one of the butts. That way, the wear is not reduced, but a changeable part, namely the extra insert is affected, which can be changed and protects the front part of the butt.
One preferred embodiment provides for the insert also to be designed to be shaped like a pot, wherein the side of the seal pressing on the inside of the cartridge chamber is protected from the force of direct gas pressure and the effects of heat. In this case, preferably the inner space of the pot-shaped insert is desig
REFERENCES:
patent: 270299 (1883-01-01), Freyre
patent: 2473555 (1949-06-01), Weiss
patent: 3008258 (1961-11-01), Johnson
patent: 3114290 (1963-12-01), Harvey et al.
patent: 3299812 (1967-01-01), Suh et al.
patent: 3530762 (1970-09-01), Batie et al.
patent: 3613500 (1971-10-01), Warin
patent: 3783737 (1974-01-01), Ashley
patent: 4051762 (1977-10-01), Ashley
Schieferle Reinhard
Sirkis Nehemia
Johnson Stephen M.
PSE Produkt-und Systementwicklungsgesellshaft m.b.h.
VOERE Kufsteiner Geratebau-und Handelsgesellschaft m.b.h.
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