Dentistry – Prosthodontics – Holding or positioning denture in mouth
Reissue Patent
1997-09-04
2001-06-12
Lucchesi, Nicholas D. (Department: 3732)
Dentistry
Prosthodontics
Holding or positioning denture in mouth
C433S172000
Reissue Patent
active
RE037227
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to devices and processes for the reconstruction of missing or lost teeth.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the reconstruction of missing or lost teeth according to present-day technique, an implant is secured to the patient's jawbone. This implant, which preferably is made of titanium or a titanium alloy, comprises an anchor pin anchored in the bone and a receiving funnel on the gingival aspect, whose end is located in the gingival region below the gingival contour. An abutment, which preferably consists of titanium or a titanium alloy, is advantageously attached to the implant head via a detachable connection and represents the actual receiving core for a reconstruction of a tooth or a bridging anchor. Towards the gingival opening, this abutment has a thickening, which represents the actual receiving site for the reconstructed tooth crown. The end of the abutment directed towards the oral cavity is firmly joined to the gingival opening of the tooth crown, preferably with the aid of a bonding or screwing procedure. However, the tooth configurations of each individual assume different manifestations with regard to shape, geometric extent and position within the dental arch, for which reason difficult adjustments are regularly required in the region of the thickening at the gingival aspect of the abutment if one wishes to deviate more or less, with the reconstructed tooth crown, from the predetermined perpendicular indicated by the abutment anchored in the implant head, or to change the root dimensions predetermined by the implant post. The commercially available range of shapes allows little scope for matching to the desired tooth
ot shape and position of the neighboring teeth. This difficult adjustment consists, for example, in making an individual modification to the thickening at the gingival aspect of the abutment, as recipient site for the reconstructed tooth crown, in order to effect a corresponding correction in the attitude and shape of the tooth being reconstructed. Clearly, such on-the-spot reworking poses considerable visual and technical demands, and this, with anything less than optimal performance of the correction, has an immediately negative effect on the quality of the work. A further important disadvantage of this concept is evident in that, with the slightest recession of the gingiva, the abutment will be exposed. This will be evident in the form of a black linear arch above the gingival boundary, which always leads to considerable impairment of the cosmetic appearance, something which frequently results in the existing concept being unacceptable. Also, as intimated above, the last-named concept does not permit any satisfactory correction of the gingival emergence profile.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The object of the invention is to provide a remedy for the defects of prior tooth implants and procedures, and to provide a process by which teeth to be reconstructed can be configured in an optimal fashion.
The essential advantages of the invention are that the basis of every reconstruction is provided by an individual or standardized abutment, which is processed to a retention shape with regard to the final shaping of the tooth to be reconstructed, this shaping being carried out preferably by machining with the aid of a copy-milling operation, preceded by a preliminary modeling of the individual form in wax or synthetic material; a more expensive manual working is not excluded. Obviously, the abutment can also be shaped without cutting, for example using a sinter technique.
A further essential advantage of the invention consists in the fact that there is the possibility of preparing the whole tooth reconstruction, i.e., abutment and tooth crown, in one piece so that the abutment represents the actual reconstruction.
The following possibilities are available in principle:
A. The abutment comes ready for use with a retention shape.
The latter can be prepared ready-made or individually:
a) with a metal core, sheathing of ceramic, or a synthetic or of a composite material;
b) completely of metal;
c) completely of ceramic, of a synthetic or of a composite material.
B. The abutment represents the actual individually prepared reconstruction of the tooth:
a) with a metal core; sheathing of ceramic, or a synthetic or of a composite material;
b) completely of metal;
c) completely of ceramic, of a synthetic or of a composite material.
C. The abutment is fashioned as a telescope and used for providing detachable prostheses.
In a preferred embodiment having a metal core, the sheathing has the form of an integral or quasi-integral jacket around the metal core. In the case of the quasi-integral embodiment, the jacket, composed of one of the above-mentioned substances, reaches deep down into the anchoring region of the abutment in such a way that, even if there is extensive gingival recession, no metallic exposure of the metallic core results, thereby maximizing the acceptance of the subject of the invention.
Since the retention shape corresponds exactly to the reconstruction with regard to shaping, any subsequent corrective adjustment of the abutment is rendered superfluous. The very delicate alignment of the tooth being reconstructed, to conform to dentition, is completely dispensed with, which in turn maximizes assurance of quality.
The above-mentioned embodiments are naturally also valid with regard to the alignment of the abutment as a complete tooth reconstruction.
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pat
Implant Innovations, Inc.
Jenkens & Gilchrist
Lucchesi Nicholas D.
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