Expansible chamber devices – Collapsible chamber wall portion – Wall portion formed of flexible material
Patent
1983-11-29
1985-10-01
Maslousky, Paul E.
Expansible chamber devices
Collapsible chamber wall portion
Wall portion formed of flexible material
92130R, F01B 1900
Patent
active
045438773
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention concerns a device for the prodution of pressure by means of an elastic component on which a pressure agent can act and which is arranged between two parts movable relatively towards each other.
Customarily, pressure cylinders are used for the production of pressure which consist of a circular-cylindrical block and a piston moving in it. A connecting borehole ends in the interior of the cylinder for the supply and discharge of a pressure agent, for example, compressed air or hydraulic fluid. Gasket rings are arranged between the cylinder wall and the piston in order to prevent the escape of the pressure agent between the cylinder wall and the piston. A proper sealing between the piston and the cylinder wall is practically only possible when the piston and the cylinder bore have a circular cross-section.
In this instance, the piston pressure is dependent on the pressure of the pressure agent and on the piston surface. Since the pressure of the pressure agent is usually limited, it is necessary to design the piston surface as large as possible for high piston pressures which leads to cylinders with a large diameter whose installation often causes difficulties. Another difficulty of a large piston diameter is to be seen in the fact that the guiding of the piston in the cylinder and the sealing between the piston and the cylinder wall becomes problematic. In order to avoid the disadvantage of a large piston diameter, it is known to use stepped cylinders. However, they have a complicated structure and, therefore, they are expensive. Another disadvantage is to be seen in its relatively great structural length. Furthermore, it is known to have the piston act on a toggle lever mechanism for the production of a high pressure which exerts then the operating pressure. This structure is also relatively complex and has additionally the disadvantage that it may not be possible to use it depending on the installation conditions. The described problems occur particularly with operating cylinders which are used for punching, pressing, cutting and stamping where the cylinders must produce high operating pressures with a relatively small stroke.
Additionally, flexible pressure vessels are known in the form of compressed air cushions. This is a question of oblong or round flat vessels of an elastic material which have a compressed air connection leading into the interior of the vessel. When these compressed air custions are arranged between a rigid stop and a piston, then it is possible to perform cutting and reforming operations or similar ones or direct clamping operations, etc. using subsequent tools with the action of the compressed air on the compressed air cushions. Such compressed air cushions can also be arranged one after the other in order to increase the stroke of the piston. These compressed air cushions have a number of advantages in comparison with the aforementioned pressure cylinders. They exert, for example, a continuous area pressure which is more favorable for many cases of application than the almost point-shaped pressure exerted by a conventional piston.
The disadvantage is here that the compressed air cushions are relatively expensive since they must sustain a many times higher bursting pressure in comparison with the operating pressure for safety reasons. Furthermore, it is disadvantageous that they are sensitive to sharp edges and objects with sharp edges since they can damage the walls of the cushion. Also, their age resistance is negatively influenced particularly in an oxidizing atmosphere and under the effect of UV radiation.
It is the task to improve the device of the kind mentioned in the introduction in such a way that the elastic component can be designed in a simple form and, when the pressure acts on it, it rests in a casing which supports it all around and at least one of the supporting surfaces can be designed as an actuating element for the movable part of the device effecting the pressure action.
This task is accomplished with the characterizing features of claim 1. Advantage
REFERENCES:
patent: 345446 (1886-07-01), Powers
patent: 2617260 (1952-11-01), Baldwin
patent: 2655943 (1953-10-01), Brierley
patent: 2724411 (1955-11-01), Ballard et al.
patent: 2826420 (1958-03-01), Klingler
patent: 3815464 (1974-06-01), Frost
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