Liquid purification or separation – Casing divided by membrane into sections having inlet – Each section having inlet
Patent
1997-02-19
1999-03-23
Reifsnyder, David A.
Liquid purification or separation
Casing divided by membrane into sections having inlet
Each section having inlet
21032184, 210488, 210495, 210496, 210504, 210506, 2105101, 553854, 55524, 427244, B01D 6300, B01D 2456
Patent
active
058854533
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION.
The invention relates to a device for separation of the constituents of all fluids, that is to say both liquids and gases, which device operates by a physicochemical route.
In the continuation of the description and in the claims, the term "separation" should be understood in its widest sense, that is to say filtration proper, but also the retention of particles, of charges, of microparticles, of ions of dissolved species, ionic or otherwise, separation or immobilization. These different actions are capable of resulting in the concentration, refining or purification of the fluid subjected to these actions. The invention also relates to the functionalization of the medium during the separation, the stage preliminary to subsequent diagnostic or working operations of the functionalized support.
Separation is carried out in a great many fields for diverse and varied applications. Thus, in the very general fields of chemistry and biology, it frequently proves necessary to carry out phase concentrations, separations or purifications in the context of analysis and in industrial processes.
To do this, recourse is commonly had either to conventional filters (disc filters, plate filters, filter presses, precoat filters), which require significant filtration equipment, or to filter cartridges, which require heavy molds for their manufacture. In both cases, consequent ullages are generated and, moreover, such filters exhibit a partition coefficient which is most often unsatisfactory or limited.
For other applications, recourse is had, for the separation of ionic species, to ion exchange resins. Such resins are, in a known way, composed of beads and microbeads functionalized according to the type of exchange desired.
Whatever the process of separation employed and its corollary, the equipment which enables this separation to be carried out, a certain number of problems remain, including the ullages generated by the equipment as well as its bulk, indeed its weight also, and its investment.
Applications increasingly demand, in order to carry out a direct measurement, a separation process capable of being carried out in line without an intermediate stage of collection of the fluid to be analyzed.
Moreover, the search is increasingly to increase the kinetics of separation, without, for all that, detrimentally affecting the results of this separation.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION.
The object of the invention is to provide a physicochemical separation device for all types of fluid which overcomes these disadvantages with maximum efficiency for a minimum filter charge and which makes it possible to carry out an in-line separation in order to carry out and to obtain, immediately, results of measurement or of analysis, while optimizing the kinetics of the process.
This device for the physicochemical separation of fluids is equipped with a pipe for introduction of fluid to be filtered and with a pipe for departure of said fluid thus filtered and comprises, between the two pipes, a filter material based on textile fibers placed in the path of the fluid. The expression filter material, as used in the present application, refers to any material appropriate for separation, as defined above.
This device is characterized in that it is composed of a flexible leaktight or semipermeable casing made of plastic which tightly envelopes the filter material, so as to constitute a filter with a flat profile or capable of adopting a flat profile, the separation taking place in the plane of the filter and with respect to the flat profile of the filter material.
This configuration makes it possible to enjoy a consequent separation profile equivalent to the greater length of the medium and not to its thickness, as in conventional filtration, for minimum bulk, charge and ullage.
In other words, the invention comprises tightly enveloping a filter material within a flexible plastic casing intended to restrict the path of the fluid in the filter material without, for all that, bringing about a preferential path, one of the
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Chatelin Roger
Fitzer-Couturier Catherine
Gayrine Patrick
Monget Daniel
Pollet Thierry
Institut Textile De France and Bio Merieux
Reifsnyder David A.
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