Cryptography – Particular algorithmic function encoding – Nbs/des algorithm
Patent
1990-01-19
1992-09-22
Tarcza, Thomas N.
Cryptography
Particular algorithmic function encoding
Nbs/des algorithm
H04K 100
Patent
active
051504090
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
1. FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The field of this invention concerns the technical area of message encoding/decoding and more particularly the area of the identification of messages, objects, persons, etc. In logical terms, encoding, identification and decoding as employed in the invention are closely related to one another.
In principle, identification, just as decoding, is the interpretation and/or conversion of characteristics and messages of a code into characteristics and messages of another code. The process and the apparatus for carrying out the present process can be employed for both the encoding and decoding of messages and for identification tasks.
2. BACKGROUND INFORMATION
A known method of personal identification is the fingerprint. Due to the extreme diversity of the individual features contained in a fingerprint, it stores such a large "personal data record" that it can be considered an unmistakable, forge-proof means of identification. An advantage is that it cannot be lost and that it is always available. The identification systems based on fingerprinting are often extremely complex, however.
DE-PS 3712089 describes a solution for such complexity whereby a finger positioned on a finger support is scanned by means of sensors and a light-pulse source; the sensor signals are analyzed in a computer circuit. The computer utilizes reading, comparison and storage of the identification information by an additional control computer. Although this solution is intended to provide the most compact configuration possible, identification systems based on this solution are still extremely complex and unsuitable for universal application.
A further known method of identification is that of electronically operating identification in the form of magnetic cards or chip cards used as check cards. An electronic key card, which opens several differently coded locks, is described in DE-OS 3628525: The key card contains a code at both ends and thereby enables access to be gained to at least two locks. The disadvantage of these cards is that they must be kept somewhere, and they can be lost, forgotten, stolen, etc.. Moreover, they are not immediately available and usable in every situation in life, including dangerous situations. A further disadvantage is that they require space-and cost-intensive analysis stations and that they are sensitive to mechanical deformation and damage.
Swiss patent specification 546 446 concerns a device employing data carriers to identify individuals by means of a testing station, the objective of which is to protect the identification data against duplication and unauthorized access. For this purpose, a mutual exchange of information sequences takes place between data carrier and testing station. The data carrier and testing station compare the information sequences with their respective stored information sequences, whereby the testing station generates a "good-signal" when the sequences match. This Swiss patent provides a solution for data communication between data carrier and testing station, but complex information generators with memories, comparators and switches are required on both sides. A disadvantage here is the extensive scope of electronic circuitry equipment required and the consequent high production costs and restricted range of application. Universal application for a large number of different applications, some of which may not arise until the data carrier is in use, is not possible here, as each case of application, i.e. each testing station requires its own protected memory areas in the data carrier, some of which would have to be programmed after the data carrier had been put into use. A similar solution is described in DE-PS 2224937.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,971,916 describes a means of identification in the form of a portable memory unit designed primarily for bank applications, in which a personal, secret identity number, the number of the bank account and further personal data are programmed when the unit is issued to the holder, whereby the unit can be designed as a ri
REFERENCES:
patent: 3971916 (1976-07-01), Moreno
patent: 4797672 (1989-01-01), Kousa
Article: "Practical Aspects of Doubly Chained Trees for Retrieval", vol. 19, by L. E. Stanfel; Journal of the Assoc. for Computing Machinery; No. 3, Jul. 1972; pp. 425-436.
"Datenbanksysteme Aufbau und Einsatz; by J. Niedereichholz; ISBN 3 7908 0249 2".
Datenstrukturen und ihre Anwendung; by Lewis/Smith.
Patent Abstracts of Japan, vol. 2, No. 10, p. 10293 E 77; Jan. 25, 1978 52-125239 (Tatsuaki Yamagishi).
"Der selbstlernende und programmierfreie Assoziationscomputer" (The self-learning and program-free association computer) by Klaus Holtz et al.; Elektronik 1978, vol. 14, pp. 39-65.
Cain David
Fasse W. G.
Kane, Jr. D. H.
Tarcza Thomas N.
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