Surgery: light – thermal – and electrical application – Light – thermal – and electrical application – Electrical therapeutic systems
Patent
1997-10-17
1999-01-19
Kamm, William E.
Surgery: light, thermal, and electrical application
Light, thermal, and electrical application
Electrical therapeutic systems
607 16, 604 96, A61M 112
Patent
active
058610103
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates in general terms to a device which is capable of being introduced inside a body canal in order to allow its temporary occlusion, preferably in a controlled manner.
The invention is applied mainly in the field of cardiac assistance by counter-pulsation in which this device is introduced into the aorta, and, for the sake of clarity, will be described below within the framework of this application.
It is obvious, however, that the invention must be considered as having a much broader scope which extends to any use requiring the optionally controlled occlusion of any body canal such as the esophagus, the trachea, the digestive tract or the urinary tract.
It is known that cardiac assistance by counter-pulsation is used principally in interventional cardiology in order to ensure irrigation of the brain during the treatment of coronary diseases.
This assistance is generally achieved with the aid of an elastic balloon catheter placed in the patient's aorta, which, when in the inflated state, obstructs this artery in a controlled manner in synchronisation with the heart pulsations.
This has the effect of blocking the blood flowing towards the lower parts of the body so that, during the systole, only the upper parts of the body, especially the heart and the brain, are preferentially supplied.
The catheters currently used to perform this technique generally consist of a tube containing a first channel, which allows the passage of a guide for facilitating the positioning of the balloon, and a second channel, the purpose of which is to allow the inflation and deflation of the balloon.
Synchronisation with the heart pulsations is achieved by means of a servo pump.
With each pulsation, the fully inflated balloon presses against the inner wall of the artery.
The repetition of these contacts between the balloon and the inner wall of the artery can be the cause of undesirable traumatisms.
Also, as the moving balloon also carries with it the various devices necessary for the intervention and thus presses them against the aortic wall with each pulsation, the above-mentioned risks of traumatisms are further increased.
Under these conditions, the main object of the present invention is to solve the technical problem consisting in the provision of a novel design of temporary occlusion device which, in particular, can be used easily and without traumatising the body canal.
The solution to this technical problem, according to the present invention, consists of a device for the temporary occlusion of a body canal containing a circulating fluid, which is useful especially for cardiac assistance by counter-pressure, characterised in that it comprises: shaped so as to follow the internal surface of said canal, creating a central duct for the passage of said body fluid; independently of the first structure, held by said first structure and shaped so that, in the inflated state, it permits substantially total occlusion of said central duct formed after inflation of said first structure; and fluid communication with a source of fluid supply for the inflation and deflation of these structures.
Thus the novelty of the device according to the present invention lies mainly in the fact that the occlusion of the body canal is effected with practically no shock against the inner wall of the body canal.
Advantageously, the inflation of the above-mentioned second structure, causing the occlusion of said canal, is effected radially inwards from the outside, as distinct from the devices of the state of the art using a balloon which expands radially outwards from the inside.
This particular conformation of the second inflatable structure guarantees the total absence of shock against the inner wall of the body canal.
As indicated previously, the only effect of the balloon catheters used hitherto is to block the blood flowing towards the lower parts of the body. The assistance provided in this way can be defined as "passive".
On the basis of this observation, the inventors formulated and attempted to solve the novel techn
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Boussignac Georges
Hilaire Pierre
Kamm William E.
Laboratoires Nycomed S.A.
Schaetzle Kennedy J.
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