Machine element or mechanism – Gearing – Plural power paths to and/or from gearing
Patent
1991-12-04
1995-06-13
Wright, Dirk
Machine element or mechanism
Gearing
Plural power paths to and/or from gearing
180247, F16H 122, F16H 3706
Patent
active
054232350
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a device for switching on a drive train in a motor vehicle with a power divider for several drive trains. At least one of the drive trains is permanently coupled with a drive unit and at least one drive train can be connected to the drive train unit, one or more of the drive axles and the drive unit. The invention includes an input shaft and an output shaft which can be connected to the input shaft through a coupling in the form of an axially actuated friction clutch.
Devices of this sort are provided in motor vehicles which, under normal conditions, are driven by only the axle or axles of the first drive train. When insufficient traction is on that axle, the axle of the second drive train can be externally switched on. Actuation of the friction clutch can be effected hydraulically, electro-magnetically or electrically.
DE 39 08 478 describes an electrically actuated device which has the disadvantage of having an electric motor with a complex special construction for the purpose of power conversion where the ball pinion arrangement is located within the rotor of the electric motor. Disengagement of these members would expand the axial unit space of the device.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,895,236 discloses an electrically actuated device with a ball pinion arrangement whose rotatably driven member axially shifts to actuate coupling. The rotation drive results through an electric motor situated outside of the housing. For this reason, axial shifting in the rotation drive gear registers high frictional powers. Thus, the hysteresis of the shifting device is disadvantageously high.
The object of the present invention is to provide a device which can be simply and inexpensively actuated, which functions with low friction, and can be easily included in electric motor and motor vehicle control systems.
The solution therefore exists in that, for regular actuation of the frictional clutch, two rings rotatable through 180.degree. of each other are provided in coaxial arrangement to the clutch disks. One of the rings is a rotatable support ring axially supported in a housing. The other ring is a pressure ring which can slide axially on one of the shafts. A circumferential means bears against each ring on paths in the rings which can be varied axially around the ring periphery. The drive of such an actuating unit, which can be propelled by a suitable electric motor, is installed within and externally of the housing. The drive is completely uncomplicated and enables fine control and regular torque distribution between both drive trains, especially in the absence of a mixing differential. The adjustable motor can be externally attached to the housing by flanges. In an advantageous improvement, a portion of the housing can protectively surround the adjustable motor, so that special protection is offered by its complete incorporation in the housing, including protection against dust and moisture.
A first embodiment consists of a cylindrical chamber on the transmission housing which an ordinary electric motor may be fit.
According to a second embodiment, a standard production electric motor, without a motor housing, is supplied directly in a cylindrical chamber on the transmission housing and covered with a lid.
In each case, arrangement of the adjustable motor is preferably with its rotational axis parallel to the driveshaft so that the drive of the shift device can result through a simple spur gear reduction gear. The electrically actuated shifting comes in combination with other aforementioned electrical control systems for motor vehicle engine performance. Such systems are wheel suspension and steering influence which are intended for the new trends in motor vehicles, reticulation network and, as the case may be, a common specification. The shift is extraordinarily friction poor. The frictional powers in the shift drive could be additionally lessened, so that the adjustable motor is effected by pulsating voltage. In the effect of coupling with friction contact, the a
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patent: 4895236 (1990-01-01), Sakakibara et al.
patent: 5076112 (1991-12-01), Williams
patent: 5150637 (1992-09-01), Ninomiya et al.
patent: 5199325 (1993-04-01), Reuter et al.
patent: 5271478 (1993-12-01), Kameda et al.
patent: 5323871 (1994-06-01), Wilson et al.
Botterill John R.
Rickell Robert
Stall Eugen
GKN Automotive AG
Wright Dirk
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