Surgery – Instruments
Patent
1994-01-24
1995-05-09
Aschenbrenner, Peter A.
Surgery
Instruments
128 20, A61B 1702
Patent
active
054135737
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a device for surgical procedures, used for instance in connection with brain surgery or other medical procedure, the device comprising an orientation arm or equivalent means adapted to be used for performing and/or guiding the movements required by the procedure, and said orientation arm being protected or protectable by means of a sterile or sterilizable protection means, such as a protective bag, protective sleeve or equivalent means, and to which orientation arm or equivalent means a surgical instrument, such as an indicator, ultrasonic probe or equivalent means is connected or connectable.
The present device for surgical procedures can be utilized for instance in neurosurgical operations, i.e. surgery on the human brain. Very stringent and exacting requirements have been set on equipment used in medicine in regard to their operation, safety in use and safety for patients as well as hygiene. Equipment used in surgery must also be reliable in use and functional to the surgeon performing the operation.
Presently e.g. in brain surgery computer aided methods and equipment making use of digital imaging technology and interactive computers are used. The methods employ for instance computer tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. After the imaging procedure, the data obtained is transposed to a computer wherein said data is edited. The present device for surgical procedures is suitable for use for instance in connection with sophisticated surgical methods and devices of the above-stated kind.
The devices according to the prior art include a surgical orienter comprising an arm, the surgical instrument at the end of said arm being movable over a patient's head by moving this arm. In sophisticated equipment, the orientation arm comprises at its articulated points sensors on the basis of which the computer equipment connected to the device knows the location of the orientation arm and thereby the location of the instrument, and thus, for instance in the graphing of a patient's head, the site of the surgical instrument can be located on the screen by means of the equipment. The orientation arm is normally made of an unsterile material, or the sterilization of the orientation arm is not possible or at least cannot readily be carried out, and therefore the orientation arm is covered by a sterile protection means, such as a sterile protective sleeve.
In certain equipment according to the prior art, the surgical instruments to be used in an operation are connected to the orientation arm directly through the protective sleeve, the surgical instrument--such as a needle, an ultrasonic sensor or other equivalent instrument--being fixed to the orientation arm, so that the sterile sleeve protecting the orientation arm remains between the orientation arm and the surgical instrument. However, for example in the preparation of brain surgery operations and in the actual performance of said operations, the need arises for exchanging the surgical instrument disposed at the end of the orientation arm for another surgical instrument. Yet the durability of the sterile protective sleeve is limited, and therefore, consequent on the several detachings and fixings, a hole may be produced in the protective sleeve as a result of wear, on account of which the unsterile orientation arm is no longer insulated from the sterile surgical instrument. The fact that the protective sleeve is squeezed between the orientation arm and the surgical instrument is a cause of wear. From the point of view of the patient operated upon, the unsterility will constitute a considerable hazard to the success of the surgery and thereby to the health of the patient.
Patents EP 0 293 760 and EP 0 326 768 disclose devices for use in surgery, incorporating an intermediate piece between an orientation arm and a surgical instrument, wherewith the circumstance can partly be improved. In said arrangements, however, the intermediate piece is of the kind of a passive intermediate piece.
The drawbacks and defects of the prior art are many. Moreove
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Aschenbrenner Peter A.
Onesys Oy
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