Fluid sprinkling – spraying – and diffusing – Fluid pressure responsive discharge modifier* or flow...
Reexamination Certificate
2002-05-09
2003-10-28
Huson, Gregory L. (Department: 3751)
Fluid sprinkling, spraying, and diffusing
Fluid pressure responsive discharge modifier* or flow...
C239S533200, C239S533300, C239S288000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06637674
ABSTRACT:
The present invention pertains to a device for feeding preferably liquid or gaseous fuels into a combustion chamber corresponding to the preamble of patent claim
1
.
A device of this class for feeding liquid fuel, e.g., oil, into a combustion chamber is disclosed in DE 44 15 863.
An inset, which has a truncated cone-shaped design at its end located adjacent to the discharge orifice of the nozzle body, is arranged here within the nozzle body. The jacket surface of this truncated cone acts as a sealing surface, which cooperates with a truncated cone-shaped hole provided on the nozzle body, and the limiting surface of the said hole likewise acts as a sealing surface.
Flow channels, whose particular cross sections form the entire flow cross section for the fuel, are milled into the truncated cone-shaped jacket surface of the inset for the flow of the fuel. This flow cross section determines the amount of fuel reaching the discharge opening via a swirl chamber arranged in front of the discharge opening of the nozzle body. Since the total flow cross section for the fuel shall be kept relatively small, on the one hand, the velocity of the fuel flowing in shall be substantially increased and, on the other hand, a swirl shall be imposed on the fuel flowing in on its path from the inset to the swirl chamber or to the discharge opening due to the tangential arrangement of the flow channels relative to a base circle, as a result of which extremely fine atomization shall be achieved, which shall guarantee good combustion with high calorific output and a low percentage of pollutants.
Since the inset is held within the nozzle body by a pressure piece, an equal quantity of fuel always flows to the discharge opening regardless of the required output of the burner. This very easily leads to a supersaturation of the fuel mist and consequently to a reduction in the efficiency of the burner as well as to an increase in the percentage of pollutants. Since the feed of fuel cannot be stopped quickly enough when the burner is switched off, a plurality of drain holes leading to a central tank line are provided in the inset for excess fuel to prevent the dripping of the fuel.
Since the amount of fuel being discharged from the discharge opening of the nozzle body cannot be regulated, this device always operates with a continuous flow of an equal amount of fuel regardless of the required burner output. The device must therefore the removed and the inset must be replaced with another inset with a correspondingly adapted total cross section of the flow channels to adapt the amount of fuel to the required burner output. Even though it is described in this connection in DE 44 15 863 that the tank line can be closed by a valve and the amount of fuel flowing back can thus be fed to the burner, so that the burner can allegedly be used with two stages or even with an infinite regulation, this is disadvantageous insofar as it is no longer possible as a result to return excess fuel. On the one hand, the possibility of fuel dripping is substantially increased as a result and, on the other hand, the risk arises, especially when the reserve in the tank has been used up nearly completely, that the flow channels and/or the drain holes become clogged by contaminants present in the fuel or by fuel deposits, as a result of which an unacceptably high pressure may build up in the entire system.
The basic object of the present invention is to provide a device of this class which makes it possible to adapt the amount of fuel to be fed into the combustion chamber to the particular required output of the burner without any change in design. This shall also be possible during the operation of the burner.
This object is accomplished in a device of this class by arranging an actuating element for the sealing element in the cavity of the nozzle body, which said actuating element can be moved by the fuel to be fed in against the force of an end support arranged in the cavity in a first direction to release the discharge opening of the nozzle body and in a second direction opposite the first direction by the end support to close the discharge opening.
Due to the conversion according to the present invention of the pressure with which the fuel is led into the cavity into a force for the actuating element, the actuating element and, as a result, the end support are first moved in a first direction against the resistance of the end support. As a result, the sealing element is moved away from the discharge opening in the nozzle body, so that the fuel reaches the discharge opening of the nozzle body and from there the combustion chamber under the effect of the pressure still prevailing in the cavity. As a result, a pressure drop reducing the force for the actuating element is generated in the cavity despite the continued feed of fuel into the cavity, so that the force originating from the end support now predominates and the actuating member and consequently also the sealing element are returned opposite their first direction of movement into their starting position, in which the sealing element will again close the discharge opening of the nozzle body. Since this process occurs repeatedly as many times as desired, a pulsating fuel flow is generated in the combustion chamber, which can be dimensioned such that the fuel cone in the combustion chamber will not separate if the pressure in the fuel feed line and the force for the actuating element, which is derived herefrom, and the force of the end support are dimensioned correspondingly.
Both the fuel consumption and the amount of pollutants generated can thus be optimized in an especially simple manner. Since the discharge opening of the nozzle body is opened during a relatively short time interval only, during which the actuating force predominates over the force originating from the end support, dripping of the fuel is practically ruled out.
A solution that functions in a simple manner from a design viewpoint and quickly and does not require any transmission device is obtained by the actuating element being formed by a piston, to which the pressure of the fuel to be fed in can be admitted, and which is preferably made in one piece with the sealing element.
To generate the opposing force for the piston, the end support has a compression spring, which is supported against the piston at one end and against an abutment arranged in the nozzle body at the other end.
An advantageous embodiment of the abutment for the compression spring, which makes it possible to change the characteristic of the compression spring and consequently to adapt the force of the end support to different pressure conditions in the fuel feed line in a simple manner, is obtained if the abutment is formed by an adjusting screw, whose relative position in relation to the nozzle body can be set by a movement thread.
Limitation of the maximum size of the flow cross section for the fuel in the area of the discharge opening is made possible if the end support has an adjusting device having a stop (counterpiece) for limiting the path of movement of the piston.
A compact design of the abutment and the adjusting device is obtained if the latter is arranged coaxially to the abutment and has a controllable adjusting member for changing the distance between the piston and the stop (counterpiece).
To achieve the controllable movement of the adjusting member, an adjusting device which can be actuated pneumatically, hydraulically or mechanically may be associated with the adjusting member.
It is favorable in terms of the design to divide the cavity into two chambers, the actuating element and the sealing element closing the discharge opening being arranged within the first chamber, whereas the compression spring of the end support is arranged in the second chamber.
To make it possible to change the force for the actuating element under identical pressure conditions within the fuel feed line, the cross-sectional area of the first chamber can be changed by inserting bushings of different internal diameters.
The holes of the bushings ma
Huson Gregory L.
Kokabi Azadeh
McGlew and Tuttle , P.C.
Mika Heiztechnik GmbH
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