Ships – Building – Freighters
Patent
1995-12-27
1997-06-24
Swinehart, Edwin L.
Ships
Building
Freighters
B63B 2508
Patent
active
056409184
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
There are known in the prior art ship's tanks, wherein pipes together with other devices such as ladders, control cables for electrical pumps which are located at the lower end section of the discharge pipes, etc., are attached to the inner wall of a tubular casing extending vertically and centrally in the tank, the end sections of which casing are permanently connected to the upper section and the lower section of the tank, respectively, and whose weight is supported by these tank sections.
Those objects which are provided in the casing are attached to it by suitable means at points located between its upper and lower ends, and the casing is arranged to support these completely. The pipes are substantially designed to resist the tangential stresses which are caused by any pressure differential which may exist between the outside and the inside of the pipes, with the result that the pipe material is not exposed to optimum stresses.
Since the ends of the casing are secured in the tank, variations in the temperature of the casing and the tank will came a variation in the force exerted between the casing and the tank due to the resulting, uneven thermal expansion.
Since the casing has to encompass all the pipes, etc., and therefore has a large diameter, and the casing wall is substantially unperforated, considerable transverse forces and bending moments will be exerted on the casing due to the forces which are exerted by the liquid which flows alternately between the starboard and port sides or back and forward in the tank, if the ship is rolling or pitching in the water and the tank is not completely full. These transverse forces are in turn transferred to the tank together with related stress moments.
In addition to the fact that this makes the casing heavy and expensive, the tank also has to have an increased thickness in order to be able to support the weight of the casing and withstand the extra forces resulting from the effects of the temperature differences and the ship's movements.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The object of the invention is to provide a device of the above-mentioned type which is encumbered to a far less extent by these disadvantages. Particularly, the invention is directed to reducing force variation exerted between the casing and the tank, reducing stress moments on the tank, and reducing the necessary tank construction costs. Other objects of the invention will become readily apparent upon review of the detailed description of the invention.
The characteristics of the device will be apparent from the features in the claims presented.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the drawing which illustrates schematically an embodiment of the device.
FIG. 1 is a view of ladders and pipes which extend vertically through a spherical tank, sections of which are cut away.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged section along line II--II through the tank which is illustrated in FIG. 1.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 illustrates a cross section of a spherical tank 1. From the upper section of the tank there extend downwards in the tank almost to its bottom two discharge pipes 3 and a filling pipe 4, which via a dome 2 are attached to and suspended in this upper tank section. Between the pipes 3, 4 there extend horizontal and diagonal cross-members 5 and 6. A section of the pipe 4 in FIG. 1 is indicated only on the upper part of this figure.
As can be seen in FIG. 2 the pipes 3, 4 and the cross-members 5, 6 form a truss beam which is triangular in cross section and where the pipes 3, 4 form the corners of the triangle and the cross-members the sides of the triangle.
On the bottom 11 of the tank there is attached a support 12 which comprises substantially upwardly projecting elements 13, whose lower end sections are permanently connected to the tank bottom 11. The upper end sections of the upwardly projecting elements 13 are permanently connected to each other via horizontal elements 14. To these horizon
REFERENCES:
patent: 3820491 (1974-06-01), Yamamoto
patent: 4382524 (1983-05-01), Kvamedal
Berger Jan Otto
Moe Ole Martin
Kvaerner Moss Technology a.s
Swinehart Edwin L.
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