Fire escape – ladder – or scaffold – Torso harness – Attached to strand wound on reel – and means for retarding...
Patent
1995-03-30
1997-12-30
Safavi, Michael
Fire escape, ladder, or scaffold
Torso harness
Attached to strand wound on reel, and means for retarding...
182239, 182241, 188185, A62B 114
Patent
active
057019720
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention refers to a device for roping down or hoisting persons and/or loads from or into great heights, including a rope pulley rotatably supported by a base plate via a brake disk, with a brake lining being associated to the brake disk on one side on the base plate and on the other side at a pressure plate which is secured against rotation with a respective brake lining wherein pressure is applied onto the pressure plate by a tension bolt which traverses the brake disk bearing and is connected with the suspension of the device via a force deflection unit via which the weight of the person and/or load being roped down or hoisted is convertible into a tensile force on the bolt, and wherein the brake disk is connected to a concentric gear rim in mesh with a gearing which is also supported in the base plate and via which at least an additional centrifugal brake unit can be driven.
Such devices are especially provided for rescuing people and/or loads from high floors during fire since rescue hoses, jumping sheets and air cushions for such high floors are not easily usable and have the known risks. Further, such devices are also usable for all different kinds of purposes, for example during mountain rescue operations during which injured persons are to be roped down or up from greater heights, e.g. from steep rocks.
For this purpose, a device of the above stated kind is provided in which the force deflection unit is formed by a lever acting upon a screw nut and engaged by a tension element, with the lever applying via the nut in dependence on the load a more or less great tensile force upon the tension bolt so that a greater braking force can be attained via the brake disk in connection with persons or loads of higher weight whereupon with loads of smaller weight an accordingly smaller braking force is applied so that the rope down process operates essentially at a same speed. When being utilized for bi-directional rotation, the known embodiment has the drawback that the brake disk and the cooperating brake linings transmit a torsional moment onto the base plate so that depending on the direction of rotation of the brake disk, in one instance a relief of the tensile force upon the tension element which adjusts the nut of the tension bolt is effected and in another instance an increased force is applied so that in case a same load is to be roped down a slightly faster lowering in one rotational direction of the brake disk is encountered than in the other rotational direction of the brake disk in which the rope down operation runs slightly slower.
Advantageously, the tension bolt bears upon the pressure plate via a spherical calotte shaped surface which engages a diametrically opposed recess in the pressure plate. In this manner, the pressure is always evenly applied over the entire surface of the pressure plate regardless of the pivot position of the tension bolt. Further, a conventional stop unit for blocking the rope travel in one direction may be provided on the centrifugal brake unit in addition to the brake unit acted upon by the tension belt, with this stop unit enabling via an interposed friction clutch that at least one stop bolt bears upon the brake shoes of the centrifugal brake unit to effect an increase of the brake force. This unit prevents the stop unit from executing a strong jerk for blocking the rope travel in one direction when being started, whereby the interposed friction clutch and the contact of the stop bolt upon the brake shoes of the centrifugal unit effects that the centrifugal brake operates as compulsory brake which brakes the rope pulley together with the friction clutch via the interposed gearing in such a manner that a jerky standstill of the lowering rope strand is attained. The combination of friction clutch and centrifugal brake splits the friction force between the stop unit and the rope pulley in such a manner that an overstress of the brake unit and the friction clutch is avoided even when repeatedly stopping the rope down operation by the stop unit. Moreover, the slidi
REFERENCES:
patent: 3946989 (1976-03-01), Tsuda
patent: 4000881 (1977-01-01), Matsumoto
patent: 4487292 (1984-12-01), Smith et al.
patent: 4655327 (1987-04-01), Tomioka et al.
patent: 5351906 (1994-10-01), Feathers
patent: 5447280 (1995-09-01), Feathers
Bloder Hans
Feiereisen Henry M.
Safavi Michael
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