Fluid reaction surfaces (i.e. – impellers) – Oscillatory reaction motion – Compound motion
Patent
1986-11-28
1988-06-28
Powell, Jr., Everette A.
Fluid reaction surfaces (i.e., impellers)
Oscillatory reaction motion
Compound motion
416 65, B63H 130, F04D 1100
Patent
active
047535741
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention is a device for producing directed fluid flow, whether the fluid is a pure substance, a solution or a mixture of different fluids, suspensions, liquids of fluids of a similar nature.
Many kinds of devices producing a directed fluid flow are known: they may be divided into various types and used in a wide range of applications. Classification of these devices by application yields two basic groups: a device either set a fluid in motion while the device itself remains fixed in place, as in pumping devices, or a device may be mounted on a movable support in the flowstream such that both the fluid and the support-mounted device are set in motion, and the device is driven like a boat in water.
In both cases, fluid pumps as well as watercraft propulsion equipment, similar devices are employed: propellers and screws of various designs and millwheel-like devices with paddles extending into the fluid.
It is known that propellers and screws in general having low efficiency ratings. In addition to the transfer of momentum axially, which is the only vector that moves the craft forward or produces a flowstream, fluid is also moved radially and tangentially to a considerable extent, and this is a waste of energy in many cases. By jacketing the propeller and using baffle plates to reduce tangential flow, their efficiency can be improved. But considerable flow losses occurring at the propeller itself due to enormous tangential forces cannot be eliminated. This is true for pumps as well as watercraft propulsion equipment. In the case of large high-RPM propellers, the well-known and undesirable phenomenon known as cavitation also arises. Cavitation is caused by additive steam voids which occur when local pressure falls below the steam partial pressure of the fluid being moved. This is also a consequence of radial fluid flow.
In vane-type devices, whether they are used in pumping or propulsion applications, some of the disadvantages of propellers and screws are eliminated, to be sure, but such devices are usually built in quite large versions, and because of their roughly uniform movement through the water, there is relatively little variation in moment transfer.
Furthermore, in these types of propulsion devices, there is fluid turbulene along the edges of the vanes, which consumes a considerable portion of the energy of propulsion while contributing nothing to forward movement; on the contrary, it creates turbulent water, which is especially dangerous for canal traffic.
The problem behind this invention was to develop a propulsion device providing the largest possible transfer of momentum in a given direction and thus create as little turbulence as possible in the fluid.
The problem was solved in this invention as follows: a paddle-shaped body, gimbal-mounted on two shafts, which are perpendicular to each other and rotate in opposite directions, and two additional gimbal-mounted shafts, which are perpendicular to the first two shafts and also rotate in opposite directions, such that the distance between all four shafts rotating in opposite directions is equal and such that both cardan shaft also extend perpendicularly through the two parallel drive shafts, so that the double motion of the latter two parallel shafts imparts an inverted kinematic motion to the paddle-shaped body.
For the purposes of general illustration, the attached drawings show possible designs of the invention.
FIG. 1. An Example of the Design (Side View)
FIG. 2. An Example of the Design (Top View)
FIG. 3. View of a First Paddle-Shape Body
FIG. 4. A Second Example of the Design (Top View)
FIG. 5. Top View of the Example Shown in FIG. 4
FIG. 6. View of a Second Paddle-Shaped Body
FIG. 7. A Third Example of the Design (Side View)
FIG. 8. Top View of the Example Shown in FIG. 7
The example shown in FIG. 1 consists of a base plate (1) on which two parallel shafts (2, 3) are mounted so that they can rotate. There are knuckle joints (4 and 5) at the ends (A and D) of shafts 2 and 3 which attach shafts peripendicular to shafts 2 and 3; an extensio
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Moore Stanley R.
Powell Jr. Everette A.
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