Textiles: fiber preparation – Liberating – Decorticating
Patent
1993-08-20
1995-08-01
Calvert, John J.
Textiles: fiber preparation
Liberating
Decorticating
19 28, 19 34, 19 80A, D01G 906
Patent
active
054370809
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a device for opening flocculent fibrous material of natural or synthetic fibres, which device is incorporated with a supply connecting conduit and a discharge connecting conduit in a pneumatic conveying path for the processing of the fibrous material.
Such devices are known in various forms. For example, from DE-33 33 750 A1 a device is known for opening and cleaning fibrous goods having two rollers lying opposite each other, which have above a lattice of rods or a grating or the like, and have below a closed covering hood, arranged parallel in a horizontal plane, and provided with spikes or the like, in which the entry and exit openings are so arranged that the fibrous goods are conducted in and out by an air stream in a direction lying parallel to the rollers. Such arrangements operating with spiked rollers require a large standing area, and with a low throughput, have a bad degree of opening and are subject to high wear. Also there arises the danger of coils of the fibres forming on the rollers with consequent blocking of these.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention is based on the object of providing a device of the above known type, which with simple and compact construction would assure a high degree of effectivity and avoid occurrence of build-up of fibres in the region of the opener.
This object is met according to the invention using a hollow cylinder open at the top, and connected to the supply conduit, which extends into a cylindrical housing connected with the discharge conduit and with formation of an annular chamber, so that at a certain distance from and parallel to and covering the free front face of the hollow cylinder, there is arranged a driven opening disc, which is provided in the direction towards the hollow cylinder with pointed spikes.
The substantial advantages realized with the device of the invention consist of a small standing area, a favourable degree of opening, less parts to build and to wear out, and a higher performance. The fibre-carrying airstream which has entered through the supply conduit proceeds after passing through the hollow cylinder, out of the open front face, and is then engaged with the opener disc rotating at relatively high speed, so that the flocculent fibrous material is opened by the spikes of the opened opener disc, and because of centrifugal force, is led together with the air through the peripheral exit slot and between the opening disc and the hollow cylinder, over into the annular chamber, from which the fibre-airstream is then sucked out and away via the discharge conduit. Since with this procedure the fibrous material is subject when in the region of the opener disc to a high centrifugal force, there is no coiling up on the opener disc.
In order to increase the efficiency of the opener disc, according to a refinement of the invention a stationary counter-opener disc having the form of a segment of a circle is installed at the front face of the hollow cylinder, which counter-opener-disc is equipped with pointed spikes. In this way the fibre-carrying airstream is guided to the opener disc in a form compressed over a certain area, and the counter-opener disc in cooperation with the opener disc takes care of an assured opening of the fibrous material.
In order that the fibre-airstream as it leaves the hollow cylinder does not impact a central region of the opener disc, the fibres according to a further development of the invention pass through the segmentally formed counter-opener disc at a distance from the diameter of the counter-disc, which is defined by a circumferential angle of about 200 degrees. Thereby more than a half of the front face of the hollow cylinder is closed off by the counter-opener disc.
For improving the opening action, according to an advantageous further development of the invention, the counter-opener-disc is provided with spikes over only an angular range of about 120 degrees. Desirably the spikes of the counter-opener-disc are arranged to extend in radial rows extendin
REFERENCES:
patent: 431665 (1980-07-01), Marshall
patent: 2747232 (1956-05-01), Armstrong
patent: 3872545 (1975-03-01), Altosaar
patent: 4369548 (1983-01-01), Malinak
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