Surgery – Truss – Pad
Patent
1993-04-16
1994-10-11
Sykes, Angela D.
Surgery
Truss
Pad
A61B 505
Patent
active
053538021
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a device for non-invasive depth-selective detection and characterization of surface phenomena in organic and biological systems such as tissues by surface measurement of the electrical impedance of said material with said device as well as a method for said surface characterization.
Electrical impedance is a very sensitive indicator of minute changes in organic and biological material and especially tissues such as mucous membranes, skin and integuments of organs, including changes due to irritation caused by different reactions, and scientists all over the world have worked hard to find a convenient way to measure variations and alterations in different kinds of organic and biological material to be able to establish the occurrence of such alterations which are due to different states, characteristic of irritations from e.g. diseases.
Much of the fundamental knowledge within the current area stems from the field of electrochemistry. Potentiostats have for a long time been in use for studies of e.g. corrosion, and AC (alternating current) methods have gradually evolved and are well documented, cf. Claude Gabrielli: Identification of electrochemical processes by frequency response analysis. Solartron Instruments technical report number 004/83, 1984 and F. B. Growcock: What's impedance spectroscopy. Chemtech, September 1989, pp 564-572.
Excellent tools for work in this field are available, e.g. the 1286 Electrochemical Interface, Solartron Instruments, UK and the Model 378 Electrochemical Impedance Systems, EG&G Princeton Applied Research, N.J., U.S.A.
Characteristic features of these systems are that they are intended for use with specimens mounted in appropriate electrochemical cells.
It is well known that certain parameters in living tissues are reflected by electrical impedance of said tissues: U.S. Pat. No. 4,038,975 (Aug. 2, 1977) to Vrana et al. relates to an electrically instrumented method of diagnosing the presence of a neoplast in mucuos membrane samples wherein the electrical impedance of the sample has resistive and capacitive components and wherein the relative values of said components are indicative of the presence or absence of said neoplast by associating the sample with the terminals of a series circuit including in succession a grounded, amplitude-modulated high-frequency generator and first and second equal-valued resistors wherein the impedance of the generator and the resistance of both resistors are low relative to the impedance of the sample. Said association being made by connecting a test spot on the sample to the terminal of the second resistor remote from the junction of the first and second resistors and by connecting the bulk of the sample to the grounded terminal of the generator, simultaneously measuring the amplitudes of the potentials of the test spot and of the junction of the first and second resistors with respect to a reference value established at the junction of the generator and the first resistor, and computing from the measured values and from the reference value the resistive and capacitive portions of the impedance of the test spot.
By EP 0 315 854 (Appln. No. 88118083.0) to Honna is previously known a method and a system for measuring moisture content in skin by passing "weak" low frequency electric current through the keratinous layer between two electrodes abutted upon the skin, amplifying the electric voltage appearing on the layer, rectifying and taking out signals of the amplified output, and measuring the amplitude of the signal, which is characterized in that the voltage appearing on the keratinous layer is the voltage appearing between either one of said two electrodes whichever is closer to another electrode which is abutted upon said skin at a location outside said two electrodes.
The system comprises a measuring electrode structure of triple concentric circles including a central electrode, an intermediate electrode and an outer electrode all of which can be abutted on the skin, a generator
REFERENCES:
patent: 3866600 (1975-02-01), Rey
patent: 4540002 (1985-09-01), Atlas
patent: 4951683 (1990-08-01), Davis
Centrum for Dentalteknik och Biomaterial
Slusher Jeffrey
Sykes Angela D.
LandOfFree
Device for measurement of electrical impedance of organic and bi does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Device for measurement of electrical impedance of organic and bi, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Device for measurement of electrical impedance of organic and bi will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-1652598