Railways: surface track – Fastenings – Clamps
Patent
1988-07-29
1990-05-22
Kashnikow, Andres
Railways: surface track
Fastenings
Clamps
238353, 238355, E01B 948, E01B 960
Patent
active
049270788
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention has as an object an apparatus for rapid elastic attachment of a railroad rail on cross-ties, of cement, wood, plastic material, of the type comprising a rod whose spring head in the form of an open ring rests on the shoe of the rail, furthermore centered on its support by a shim or tie plate, while its other end comprises a hooking means associated with the cross-tie making it possible to tension the spring head on the shoe of the rail after the rod has been moved a half-turn.
British Patent Nos. 2,045,320 and 959,113 describe elastic attachment devices for a railroad rail of the type mentioned above. These devices comprise only a single means for tensioning the spring head on the shoe of the rail, constituted by a hook cooperating with the edge of a retension element included in the cross-tie, which appears insufficient for an effective attachment anchoring.
On the contrary, an object of the present invention is to provide a device having two associated means for progressively tensioning the spring head of the attachment rod of the rail.
The first means consists in the difference of level which results from the slope which affects the upper surface of the shim, or the centering tie plate of the rail and which extends the slope from its shoe such that by maneuvering the attachment rod by a half-turn, one brings its head from a low position to a higher position, exerting a high tension on the flange of the said rail.
The second means consists of a cam formed by the internal shoulder reserved in an insulating anchoring sheath of the "PLASTIRAIL" type inserted in the cross-tie and to which is hooked the free end of the attachment rod of the rail after it has been turned by a half-turn, the shoulder resulting from two successive bores hollowed out of the sheath.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the second tensioning means of the spring rod consists of a steel container included in a facing provided in the cement or wood cross-tie, at right angles with a bore hollowed out of the said cross-tie, to which corresponds an opening provided in the centering tie plate of the rail on the shoe of which is supported the head of the spring rod placed in tension, after it has been turned by a half-turn, by hooking of its projecting heel to an internal edge which the bottom of the container bored with an orifice corresponding to the cross-section of the spring rod reserves.
According to another embodiment of the apparatus, the second tensioning means of the spring rod consists of a shoulder resulting from the difference in diameters of two bores hollowed in the centering tie-plate of the rail fixed by sleeper-screws if it rest on a wood cross-tie, or by insulating anchoring sheaths of the type known under the mark "PLASTIRAIL" if it rests on a cement cross-tie, the shoulder allowing for the hooking of the eccentric heel of the spring head after it has been turned by a half-turn, a shim immobilizing the said spring rod in the tightening position on the shoe of the rail.
The tensioning means of the spring head, whether it is the shoulder reserved in the anchoring sheath, or the internal edge formed by the container or of the shoulder reserved in the tie plate, are hollowed out of a depression which serves as an anti-return abutment in which is engaged the heel of the spring rod.
The centering shim of the rail comprises an opening adapted to the sections of the spring rod and its heel and offset with respect to the bore of the anchoring sheath for blocking it in part when the spring rod is introduced therein, while one of its surfaces, resting against the lateral wall of the housing reserved in the cross-tie, is opened out to assure a slight pinching resulting from the lateral forces exerted by the spring rod, when it is tensioned, against a small flange capping the shim.
The details of this apparatus will be better understood from the description which follows with reference to the annexed drawings showing several examples of the embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view
REFERENCES:
patent: 877328 (1908-01-01), Grandy
patent: 2258315 (1941-10-01), Boyce
patent: 2294736 (1942-09-01), Burckhardt
patent: 2357629 (1944-09-01), Cantrell et al.
patent: 3282506 (1966-11-01), Holstein
patent: 3309023 (1967-03-01), Burwell
patent: 4066212 (1978-01-01), Sonneville
Etablissements S.A.
Kashnikow Andres
Newholm Timothy
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