Solid material comminution or disintegration – Apparatus – Including means applying fluid to material
Patent
1997-02-24
1998-08-18
Husar, John M.
Solid material comminution or disintegration
Apparatus
Including means applying fluid to material
241 4602, B03B 532
Patent
active
057948631
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is in the field of mineral dressing and may be used for separating so lid mineral particles from a mass cemented by an argillaceous substance.
PRIOR ART
There is known a device for washing minerals to remove clay impurities (SU, Al, 1,303,190), comprising a washing tank, with two electrodes installed therein and connected to a half-wave a.c. rectifier, and a comb-type agitator complete with a drive. The material fed into the washing tank is poured over with water and exposed to a 50 Hz half-wave current, with the slurry being agitated in the while. Separation of clay particles and dispersion of lumpy clay occur as a result of various electrokinetic phenomena (electrophoresis, electrolysis, and electroosmosis) originating when an electric field is set up between the electrodes provided in the device. The drawback of this device is its low efficiency due to the feedstock being washed in batches whose quantity is defined by the capacity of the washing tank. On completion of the processing of one batch, the device has to be cut off the electric power supply to remove the clay sludge and the material separated from clay before the next batch can go in.
There is another prior-art device for disintegration of argillaceous materials (SU, Al, 724,190), comprising a cylindrical housing complete with a feed and a discharge nozzles, of which the first is installed tangential to the housing, and the second coaxial therewith. As the argillaceous feedstock is introduced, mixed with water, through the tangential feed nozzle, a hydraulic fluid stream is produced in the device, whirling around the axis of the housing and moving toward the discharge nozzle. In this whirling stream, turbulence are formed, as well as high peripheral speed gradients, and these give rise to shear stresses in argillaceous material lumps. Said stresses, as well as collisions between lumps and their friction against one another and against the housing walls, cause the softened water-soaked top layers to come off the lumps, resulting in the dispersion of the clay contained in the hydraulic fluid.
The drawback of this device is its low disintegration efficiency in regard to difficult-to-wash and high-clay rock materials composed of finely divided particles firmly bonded with one another. Due to the short residence in the device, there is not time enough for the feedstock lumps to get impregnated with water but to a comparatively low depth while the interplay of said lumps, which should result in separation therefrom of water-impregnated and therefore low in cohesion outer layers, is not active enough owing to the unidirectional movement of the feedstock stream. According to studies undertaken by the inventors, the efficiency achievable in the device in disintegration of such rocks as, e.g., kimberlite will not exceed 20 to 30%.
The present invention is based upon the objective of developing a device for disintegration of argillaceous materials, tat would provide an additional effect upon the argillaceous feedstock to promote its impregnation with water and removal of water-impregnated clay from solid components of the mixture.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
The objective as stated above is achieved by providing a device for disintegration of argillaceous materials, comprising a cylindrical housing, a feed pipe fitted tangential to the housing, and a discharge pipe, in which device, in accordance with the invention, there are provided a plurality of vanes spaced within the housing circumferentially and axially and mounted on die inner cylindrical surface of the housing between the outlet of the feed pipe and the inlet of the discharge pipe, with each vane arranged in a manner such that the angle between the tangent to the cylindrical surface of the housing in the plane of the said vane and the plane perpendicular to the axis of the housing, is between 0.degree. and 60.degree..
Owing to the vanes mounted on the inner surface of the housing in said fashion, the proposed device affords multiple (according
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patent: 5499770 (1996-03-01), McCullough
Kochnev Vladimir Georgievich
Simankin Sergey Albertovich
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